Metamath Proof Explorer


Table of Contents - 21.31.5. Independence of ax-mulcom

This section mainly concerns the independence of ax-mulcom, which is the only real and complex number axiom whose independence is open ( https://us.metamath.org/mpeuni/mmcomplex.html). In particular, this is a combination of attempts to prove more and more properties of real and complex numbers without ax-mulcom. Completing this direction would show that ax-mulcom is not independent.

Alternatively, one could search for a model satisfying all axioms except ax-mulcom, thus showing it is independent. A few models satisfying non-commutativity which only violate one other axiom are provided at https://gist.github.com/icecream17/933f95d820e0b8f1cab0d4293b68eaf9. I conjecture that if it is possible to prove ax-mulcom from the other axioms, then all the other axioms are needed.

In abstract terms, the symbol would have to correspond to an infinite non-commutative left-near-field with a Dedekind-complete order compatible with its ring operations.

(Note: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-field_(mathematics) does not require commutativity despite having "field" in the name.)

Needless to say, this is a very undeveloped area of math. In addition, such a structure for would have to, together with the structure for the symbol , satisfy ax-resscn, ax-icn, ax-i2m1, and most crucially ax-cnre.

None of the theorems in this section should be moved to main. If there is a naming conflict, feel free to add the prefix "sn-".

  1. cresub
  2. df-resub
  3. resubval
  4. renegeulemv
  5. renegeulem
  6. renegeu
  7. rernegcl
  8. renegadd
  9. renegid
  10. reneg0addlid
  11. resubeulem1
  12. resubeulem2
  13. resubeu
  14. rersubcl
  15. resubadd
  16. resubaddd
  17. resubf
  18. repncan2
  19. repncan3
  20. readdsub
  21. reladdrsub
  22. reltsub1
  23. reltsubadd2
  24. resubcan2
  25. resubsub4
  26. rennncan2
  27. renpncan3
  28. repnpcan
  29. reppncan
  30. resubidaddlidlem
  31. resubidaddlid
  32. resubdi
  33. re1m1e0m0
  34. sn-00idlem1
  35. sn-00idlem2
  36. sn-00idlem3
  37. sn-00id
  38. re0m0e0
  39. readdlid
  40. sn-addlid
  41. remul02
  42. sn-0ne2
  43. remul01
  44. sn-remul0ord
  45. resubid
  46. readdrid
  47. resubid1
  48. renegneg
  49. readdcan2
  50. renegid2
  51. remulneg2d
  52. sn-it0e0
  53. sn-negex12
  54. sn-negex
  55. sn-negex2
  56. sn-addcand
  57. sn-addrid
  58. sn-addcan2d
  59. reixi
  60. rei4
  61. sn-addid0
  62. sn-mul01
  63. sn-subeu
  64. sn-subcl
  65. sn-subf
  66. resubeqsub
  67. subresre
  68. addinvcom
  69. remulinvcom
  70. remullid
  71. sn-1ticom
  72. sn-mullid
  73. sn-it1ei
  74. ipiiie0
  75. remulcand
  76. crediv
  77. df-rediv
  78. redivvald
  79. rediveud
  80. sn-redivcld
  81. redivmuld
  82. redivcan2d
  83. redivcan3d
  84. sn-rereccld
  85. rerecid
  86. rerecid2
  87. sn-0tie0
  88. sn-mul02
  89. sn-ltaddpos
  90. sn-ltaddneg
  91. reposdif
  92. relt0neg1
  93. relt0neg2
  94. sn-addlt0d
  95. sn-addgt0d
  96. sn-nnne0
  97. reelznn0nn
  98. nn0addcom
  99. zaddcomlem
  100. zaddcom
  101. renegmulnnass
  102. nn0mulcom
  103. zmulcomlem
  104. zmulcom
  105. mulgt0con1dlem
  106. mulgt0con1d
  107. mulgt0con2d
  108. mulgt0b1d
  109. sn-ltmul2d
  110. sn-ltmulgt11d
  111. sn-0lt1
  112. sn-ltp1
  113. sn-recgt0d
  114. mulgt0b2d
  115. sn-mulgt1d
  116. reneg1lt0
  117. sn-reclt0d
  118. mulltgt0d
  119. mullt0b1d
  120. mullt0b2d
  121. sn-mullt0d
  122. sn-msqgt0d
  123. sn-inelr
  124. sn-itrere
  125. sn-retire
  126. cnreeu
  127. sn-sup2
  128. sn-sup3d
  129. sn-suprcld
  130. sn-suprubd