Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem dvfsumrlim

Description: Compare a finite sum to an integral (the integral here is given as a function with a known derivative). The statement here says that if x e. S |-> B is a decreasing function with antiderivative A converging to zero, then the difference between sum_ k e. ( M ... ( |_x ) ) B ( k ) and A ( x ) = S. u e. ( M , x ) B ( u ) _d u converges to a constant limit value, with the remainder term bounded by B ( x ) . (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 18-May-2016)

Ref Expression
Hypotheses dvfsum.s ⊢ S = T +∞
dvfsum.z ⊢ Z = ℤ ≥ M
dvfsum.m ⊢ φ → M ∈ ℤ
dvfsum.d ⊢ φ → D ∈ ℝ
dvfsum.md ⊢ φ → M ≤ D + 1
dvfsum.t ⊢ φ → T ∈ ℝ
dvfsum.a ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S → A ∈ ℝ
dvfsum.b1 ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S → B ∈ V
dvfsum.b2 ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ Z → B ∈ ℝ
dvfsum.b3 ⊢ φ → dx ∈ S A d ℝ x = x ∈ S ⟼ B
dvfsum.c ⊢ x = k → B = C
dvfsumrlim.l ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S ∧ k ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x ∧ x ≤ k → C ≤ B
dvfsumrlim.g ⊢ G = x ∈ S ⟼ ∑ k = M x C − A
dvfsumrlim.k ⊢ φ → x ∈ S ⟼ B ⇝ℝ 0
Assertion dvfsumrlim ⊢ φ → G ∈ dom ⁡ ⇝ℝ

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 dvfsum.s ⊢ S = T +∞
2 dvfsum.z ⊢ Z = ℤ ≥ M
3 dvfsum.m ⊢ φ → M ∈ ℤ
4 dvfsum.d ⊢ φ → D ∈ ℝ
5 dvfsum.md ⊢ φ → M ≤ D + 1
6 dvfsum.t ⊢ φ → T ∈ ℝ
7 dvfsum.a ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S → A ∈ ℝ
8 dvfsum.b1 ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S → B ∈ V
9 dvfsum.b2 ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ Z → B ∈ ℝ
10 dvfsum.b3 ⊢ φ → dx ∈ S A d ℝ x = x ∈ S ⟼ B
11 dvfsum.c ⊢ x = k → B = C
12 dvfsumrlim.l ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S ∧ k ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x ∧ x ≤ k → C ≤ B
13 dvfsumrlim.g ⊢ G = x ∈ S ⟼ ∑ k = M x C − A
14 dvfsumrlim.k ⊢ φ → x ∈ S ⟼ B ⇝ℝ 0
15 ioossre ⊢ T +∞ ⊆ ℝ
16 1 15 eqsstri ⊢ S ⊆ ℝ
17 16 a1i ⊢ φ → S ⊆ ℝ
18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 dvfsumrlimf ⊢ φ → G : S ⟶ ℝ
19 ax-resscn ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℂ
20 fss ⊢ G : S ⟶ ℝ ∧ ℝ ⊆ ℂ → G : S ⟶ ℂ
21 18 19 20 sylancl ⊢ φ → G : S ⟶ ℂ
22 1 supeq1i ⊢ sup S ℝ * < = sup T +∞ ℝ * <
23 ressxr ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℝ *
24 23 6 sselid ⊢ φ → T ∈ ℝ *
25 6 renepnfd ⊢ φ → T ≠ +∞
26 ioopnfsup ⊢ T ∈ ℝ * ∧ T ≠ +∞ → sup T +∞ ℝ * < = +∞
27 24 25 26 syl2anc ⊢ φ → sup T +∞ ℝ * < = +∞
28 22 27 eqtrid ⊢ φ → sup S ℝ * < = +∞
29 8 14 rlimmptrcl ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S → B ∈ ℂ
30 29 ralrimiva ⊢ φ → ∀ x ∈ S B ∈ ℂ
31 30 17 rlim0 ⊢ φ → x ∈ S ⟼ B ⇝ℝ 0 ↔ ∀ e ∈ ℝ + ∃ c ∈ ℝ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e
32 14 31 mpbid ⊢ φ → ∀ e ∈ ℝ + ∃ c ∈ ℝ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e
33 16 a1i ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + → S ⊆ ℝ
34 peano2re ⊢ T ∈ ℝ → T + 1 ∈ ℝ
35 6 34 syl ⊢ φ → T + 1 ∈ ℝ
36 35 4 ifcld ⊢ φ → if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ∈ ℝ
37 36 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + → if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ∈ ℝ
38 rexico ⊢ S ⊆ ℝ ∧ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ∈ ℝ → ∃ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e ↔ ∃ c ∈ ℝ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e
39 33 37 38 syl2anc ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + → ∃ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e ↔ ∃ c ∈ ℝ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e
40 elicopnf ⊢ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ∈ ℝ → c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ ↔ c ∈ ℝ ∧ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ≤ c
41 36 40 syl ⊢ φ → c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ ↔ c ∈ ℝ ∧ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ≤ c
42 41 simprbda ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → c ∈ ℝ
43 6 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → T ∈ ℝ
44 43 34 syl ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → T + 1 ∈ ℝ
45 43 ltp1d ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → T < T + 1
46 41 simplbda ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ≤ c
47 4 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → D ∈ ℝ
48 maxle ⊢ D ∈ ℝ ∧ T + 1 ∈ ℝ ∧ c ∈ ℝ → if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ≤ c ↔ D ≤ c ∧ T + 1 ≤ c
49 47 44 42 48 syl3anc ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D ≤ c ↔ D ≤ c ∧ T + 1 ≤ c
50 46 49 mpbid ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → D ≤ c ∧ T + 1 ≤ c
51 50 simprd ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → T + 1 ≤ c
52 43 44 42 45 51 ltletrd ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → T < c
53 24 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → T ∈ ℝ *
54 elioopnf ⊢ T ∈ ℝ * → c ∈ T +∞ ↔ c ∈ ℝ ∧ T < c
55 53 54 syl ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → c ∈ T +∞ ↔ c ∈ ℝ ∧ T < c
56 42 52 55 mpbir2and ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → c ∈ T +∞
57 56 1 eleqtrrdi ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → c ∈ S
58 50 simpld ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → D ≤ c
59 57 58 jca ⊢ φ ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c
60 59 adantlr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c
61 simprrl ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c → c ∈ S
62 61 adantrr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → c ∈ S
63 16 62 sselid ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → c ∈ ℝ
64 63 leidd ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → c ≤ c
65 nfv ⊢ Ⅎ x c ≤ c
66 nfcv ⊢ Ⅎ _ x abs
67 nfcsb1v ⊢ Ⅎ _ x ⦋ c / x⦌ B
68 66 67 nffv ⊢ Ⅎ _ x ⦋ c / x⦌ B
69 nfcv ⊢ Ⅎ _ x <
70 nfcv ⊢ Ⅎ _ x e
71 68 69 70 nfbr ⊢ Ⅎ x ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e
72 65 71 nfim ⊢ Ⅎ x c ≤ c → ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e
73 breq2 ⊢ x = c → c ≤ x ↔ c ≤ c
74 csbeq1a ⊢ x = c → B = ⦋ c / x⦌ B
75 74 fveq2d ⊢ x = c → B = ⦋ c / x⦌ B
76 75 breq1d ⊢ x = c → B < e ↔ ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e
77 73 76 imbi12d ⊢ x = c → c ≤ x → B < e ↔ c ≤ c → ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e
78 72 77 rspc ⊢ c ∈ S → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → c ≤ c → ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e
79 62 78 syl ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → c ≤ c → ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e
80 64 79 mpid ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e
81 17 7 8 10 dvmptrecl ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S → B ∈ ℝ
82 81 adantrr ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x → B ∈ ℝ
83 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 dvfsumrlimge0 ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x → 0 ≤ B
84 elrege0 ⊢ B ∈ 0 +∞ ↔ B ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ B
85 82 83 84 sylanbrc ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x → B ∈ 0 +∞
86 85 expr ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S → D ≤ x → B ∈ 0 +∞
87 86 ralrimiva ⊢ φ → ∀ x ∈ S D ≤ x → B ∈ 0 +∞
88 87 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ∀ x ∈ S D ≤ x → B ∈ 0 +∞
89 simprrr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c → D ≤ c
90 89 adantrr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → D ≤ c
91 nfv ⊢ Ⅎ x D ≤ c
92 67 nfel1 ⊢ Ⅎ x ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ 0 +∞
93 91 92 nfim ⊢ Ⅎ x D ≤ c → ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ 0 +∞
94 breq2 ⊢ x = c → D ≤ x ↔ D ≤ c
95 74 eleq1d ⊢ x = c → B ∈ 0 +∞ ↔ ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ 0 +∞
96 94 95 imbi12d ⊢ x = c → D ≤ x → B ∈ 0 +∞ ↔ D ≤ c → ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ 0 +∞
97 93 96 rspc ⊢ c ∈ S → ∀ x ∈ S D ≤ x → B ∈ 0 +∞ → D ≤ c → ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ 0 +∞
98 62 88 90 97 syl3c ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ 0 +∞
99 elrege0 ⊢ ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ 0 +∞ ↔ ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ ⦋ c / x⦌ B
100 98 99 sylib ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ ⦋ c / x⦌ B
101 absid ⊢ ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ ⦋ c / x⦌ B → ⦋ c / x⦌ B = ⦋ c / x⦌ B
102 100 101 syl ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ⦋ c / x⦌ B = ⦋ c / x⦌ B
103 102 breq1d ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e ↔ ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e
104 3 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → M ∈ ℤ
105 4 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → D ∈ ℝ
106 5 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → M ≤ D + 1
107 6 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → T ∈ ℝ
108 7 adantlr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y ∧ x ∈ S → A ∈ ℝ
109 8 adantlr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y ∧ x ∈ S → B ∈ V
110 9 adantlr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y ∧ x ∈ Z → B ∈ ℝ
111 10 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → dx ∈ S A d ℝ x = x ∈ S ⟼ B
112 pnfxr ⊢ +∞ ∈ ℝ *
113 112 a1i ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → +∞ ∈ ℝ *
114 3simpa ⊢ D ≤ x ∧ x ≤ k ∧ k ≤ +∞ → D ≤ x ∧ x ≤ k
115 114 12 syl3an3 ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S ∧ k ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x ∧ x ≤ k ∧ k ≤ +∞ → C ≤ B
116 115 3adant1r ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y ∧ x ∈ S ∧ k ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x ∧ x ≤ k ∧ k ≤ +∞ → C ≤ B
117 83 3adantr3 ⊢ φ ∧ x ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x ∧ x ≤ +∞ → 0 ≤ B
118 117 adantlr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y ∧ x ∈ S ∧ D ≤ x ∧ x ≤ +∞ → 0 ≤ B
119 simprrl ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → y ∈ S
120 simprrr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → c ≤ y
121 16 23 sstri ⊢ S ⊆ ℝ *
122 121 119 sselid ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → y ∈ ℝ *
123 pnfge ⊢ y ∈ ℝ * → y ≤ +∞
124 122 123 syl ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → y ≤ +∞
125 1 2 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 11 113 116 13 118 62 119 90 120 124 dvfsumlem4 ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c ≤ ⦋ c / x⦌ B
126 21 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → G : S ⟶ ℂ
127 126 119 ffvelcdmd ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → G ⁡ y ∈ ℂ
128 126 62 ffvelcdmd ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → G ⁡ c ∈ ℂ
129 127 128 subcld ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c ∈ ℂ
130 129 abscld ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c ∈ ℝ
131 100 simpld ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ ℝ
132 simprll ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → e ∈ ℝ +
133 132 rpred ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → e ∈ ℝ
134 lelttr ⊢ G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c ∈ ℝ ∧ ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∈ ℝ ∧ e ∈ ℝ → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c ≤ ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∧ ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
135 130 131 133 134 syl3anc ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c ≤ ⦋ c / x⦌ B ∧ ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
136 125 135 mpand ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
137 103 136 sylbid ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ⦋ c / x⦌ B < e → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
138 80 137 syld ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
139 138 anassrs ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S ∧ c ≤ y → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
140 139 expr ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S → c ≤ y → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
141 140 com23 ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c ∧ y ∈ S → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
142 141 ralrimdva ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
143 142 61 jctild ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → c ∈ S ∧ ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
144 143 anassrs ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ S ∧ D ≤ c → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → c ∈ S ∧ ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
145 60 144 syldan ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + ∧ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ → ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → c ∈ S ∧ ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
146 145 expimpd ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + → c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ ∧ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → c ∈ S ∧ ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
147 146 reximdv2 ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + → ∃ c ∈ if D ≤ T + 1 T + 1 D +∞ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → ∃ c ∈ S ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
148 39 147 sylbird ⊢ φ ∧ e ∈ ℝ + → ∃ c ∈ ℝ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → ∃ c ∈ S ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
149 148 ralimdva ⊢ φ → ∀ e ∈ ℝ + ∃ c ∈ ℝ ∀ x ∈ S c ≤ x → B < e → ∀ e ∈ ℝ + ∃ c ∈ S ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
150 32 149 mpd ⊢ φ → ∀ e ∈ ℝ + ∃ c ∈ S ∀ y ∈ S c ≤ y → G ⁡ y − G ⁡ c < e
151 17 21 28 150 caucvgr ⊢ φ → G ∈ dom ⁡ ⇝ℝ