Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem selberg

Description: Selberg's symmetry formula. The statement has many forms, and this one is equivalent to the statement that sum_ n <_ x , Lam ( n ) log n + sum_ m x. n <_ x , Lam ( m ) Lam ( n ) = 2 x log x + O ( x ) . Equation 10.4.10 of Shapiro, p. 419. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 23-May-2016)

Ref Expression
Assertion selberg ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n x − 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x ∈ 𝑂⁡1

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 fveq2 ⊢ n = d → Λ ⁡ n = Λ ⁡ d
2 oveq2 ⊢ n = d → x n = x d
3 2 fveq2d ⊢ n = d → ψ ⁡ x n = ψ ⁡ x d
4 1 3 oveq12d ⊢ n = d → Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n = Λ ⁡ d ⁢ ψ ⁡ x d
5 4 cbvsumv ⊢ ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n = ∑ d = 1 x Λ ⁡ d ⁢ ψ ⁡ x d
6 fzfid ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → 1 … x d ∈ Fin
7 elfznn ⊢ d ∈ 1 … x → d ∈ ℕ
8 7 adantl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → d ∈ ℕ
9 vmacl ⊢ d ∈ ℕ → Λ ⁡ d ∈ ℝ
10 8 9 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ d ∈ ℝ
11 10 recnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ d ∈ ℂ
12 elfznn ⊢ m ∈ 1 … x d → m ∈ ℕ
13 12 adantl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → m ∈ ℕ
14 vmacl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → Λ ⁡ m ∈ ℝ
15 13 14 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → Λ ⁡ m ∈ ℝ
16 15 recnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → Λ ⁡ m ∈ ℂ
17 6 11 16 fsummulc2 ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ m = ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ m
18 7 nnrpd ⊢ d ∈ 1 … x → d ∈ ℝ +
19 rpdivcl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ ℝ + → x d ∈ ℝ +
20 18 19 sylan2 ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → x d ∈ ℝ +
21 20 rpred ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → x d ∈ ℝ
22 chpval ⊢ x d ∈ ℝ → ψ ⁡ x d = ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ m
23 21 22 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → ψ ⁡ x d = ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ m
24 23 oveq2d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ ψ ⁡ x d = Λ ⁡ d ⁢ ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ m
25 13 nncnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → m ∈ ℂ
26 7 ad2antlr ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → d ∈ ℕ
27 26 nncnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → d ∈ ℂ
28 26 nnne0d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → d ≠ 0
29 25 27 28 divcan3d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → d ⁢ m d = m
30 29 fveq2d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d = Λ ⁡ m
31 30 oveq2d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d = Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ m
32 31 sumeq2dv ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d = ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ m
33 17 24 32 3eqtr4d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ ψ ⁡ x d = ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d
34 33 sumeq2dv ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ d = 1 x Λ ⁡ d ⁢ ψ ⁡ x d = ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d
35 5 34 eqtrid ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n = ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d
36 fvoveq1 ⊢ n = d ⁢ m → Λ ⁡ n d = Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d
37 36 oveq2d ⊢ n = d ⁢ m → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d = Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d
38 rpre ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → x ∈ ℝ
39 ssrab2 ⊢ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n ⊆ ℕ
40 simprr ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n
41 39 40 sselid ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → d ∈ ℕ
42 41 anassrs ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → d ∈ ℕ
43 42 9 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → Λ ⁡ d ∈ ℝ
44 elfznn ⊢ n ∈ 1 … x → n ∈ ℕ
45 44 adantl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → n ∈ ℕ
46 dvdsdivcl ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → n d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n
47 45 46 sylan ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → n d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n
48 39 47 sselid ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → n d ∈ ℕ
49 vmacl ⊢ n d ∈ ℕ → Λ ⁡ n d ∈ ℝ
50 48 49 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → Λ ⁡ n d ∈ ℝ
51 43 50 remulcld ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d ∈ ℝ
52 51 recnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d ∈ ℂ
53 52 anasss ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d ∈ ℂ
54 37 38 53 dvdsflsumcom ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d = ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ d ⁢ m d
55 35 54 eqtr4d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n = ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d
56 55 oveq1d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n = ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d + ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
57 fzfid ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → 1 … x ∈ Fin
58 vmacl ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → Λ ⁡ n ∈ ℝ
59 45 58 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ n ∈ ℝ
60 59 recnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ n ∈ ℂ
61 44 nnrpd ⊢ n ∈ 1 … x → n ∈ ℝ +
62 rpdivcl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ ℝ + → x n ∈ ℝ +
63 61 62 sylan2 ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → x n ∈ ℝ +
64 63 rpred ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → x n ∈ ℝ
65 chpcl ⊢ x n ∈ ℝ → ψ ⁡ x n ∈ ℝ
66 64 65 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → ψ ⁡ x n ∈ ℝ
67 66 recnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → ψ ⁡ x n ∈ ℂ
68 60 67 mulcld ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n ∈ ℂ
69 45 nnrpd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → n ∈ ℝ +
70 relogcl ⊢ n ∈ ℝ + → log ⁡ n ∈ ℝ
71 69 70 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → log ⁡ n ∈ ℝ
72 71 recnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → log ⁡ n ∈ ℂ
73 60 72 mulcld ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n ∈ ℂ
74 57 68 73 fsumadd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n = ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
75 fzfid ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → 1 … n ∈ Fin
76 dvdsssfz1 ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n ⊆ 1 … n
77 45 76 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n ⊆ 1 … n
78 75 77 ssfid ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n ∈ Fin
79 78 51 fsumrecl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d ∈ ℝ
80 79 recnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d ∈ ℂ
81 57 80 73 fsumadd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n = ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d + ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
82 56 74 81 3eqtr4d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n = ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
83 72 67 addcomd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n = ψ ⁡ x n + log ⁡ n
84 83 oveq2d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n = Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + log ⁡ n
85 60 67 72 adddid ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + log ⁡ n = Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
86 84 85 eqtrd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n = Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
87 86 sumeq2dv ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n = ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ ψ ⁡ x n + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
88 logsqvma2 ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ n d 2 = ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
89 45 88 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x → ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ n d 2 = ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
90 89 sumeq2dv ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ n d 2 = ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n Λ ⁡ d ⁢ Λ ⁡ n d + Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n
91 82 87 90 3eqtr4d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n = ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ n d 2
92 fvoveq1 ⊢ n = d ⁢ m → log ⁡ n d = log ⁡ d ⁢ m d
93 92 oveq1d ⊢ n = d ⁢ m → log ⁡ n d 2 = log ⁡ d ⁢ m d 2
94 93 oveq2d ⊢ n = d ⁢ m → μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ n d 2 = μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ d ⁢ m d 2
95 mucl ⊢ d ∈ ℕ → μ ⁡ d ∈ ℤ
96 41 95 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → μ ⁡ d ∈ ℤ
97 96 zcnd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → μ ⁡ d ∈ ℂ
98 61 ad2antrl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → n ∈ ℝ +
99 41 nnrpd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → d ∈ ℝ +
100 98 99 rpdivcld ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → n d ∈ ℝ +
101 relogcl ⊢ n d ∈ ℝ + → log ⁡ n d ∈ ℝ
102 101 recnd ⊢ n d ∈ ℝ + → log ⁡ n d ∈ ℂ
103 100 102 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → log ⁡ n d ∈ ℂ
104 103 sqcld ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → log ⁡ n d 2 ∈ ℂ
105 97 104 mulcld ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ n ∈ 1 … x ∧ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n → μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ n d 2 ∈ ℂ
106 94 38 105 dvdsflsumcom ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x ∑ d ∈ y ∈ ℕ | y ∥ n μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ n d 2 = ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ d ⁢ m d 2
107 29 fveq2d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → log ⁡ d ⁢ m d = log ⁡ m
108 107 oveq1d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → log ⁡ d ⁢ m d 2 = log ⁡ m 2
109 108 oveq2d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x ∧ m ∈ 1 … x d → μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ d ⁢ m d 2 = μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ m 2
110 109 sumeq2dv ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ d ∈ 1 … x → ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ d ⁢ m d 2 = ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ m 2
111 110 sumeq2dv ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ d ⁢ m d 2 = ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ m 2
112 91 106 111 3eqtrd ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n = ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ m 2
113 112 oveq1d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n x = ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ m 2 x
114 113 oveq1d ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n x − 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x = ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ m 2 x − 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x
115 114 mpteq2ia ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n x − 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ m 2 x − 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x
116 eqid ⊢ log ⁡ x d 2 + 2 - 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x d d = log ⁡ x d 2 + 2 - 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x d d
117 116 selberglem2 ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ d = 1 x ∑ m = 1 x d μ ⁡ d ⁢ log ⁡ m 2 x − 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x ∈ 𝑂⁡1
118 115 117 eqeltri ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ n = 1 x Λ ⁡ n ⁢ log ⁡ n + ψ ⁡ x n x − 2 ⁢ log ⁡ x ∈ 𝑂⁡1