Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem sqreu

Description: Existence and uniqueness for the square root function in general. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2013)

Ref Expression
Assertion sqreu ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ∃! x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 abscl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℝ
2 1 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℂ
3 subneg ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A ∈ ℂ → A − − A = A + A
4 2 3 mpancom ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − − A = A + A
5 4 eqeq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − − A = 0 ↔ A + A = 0
6 negcl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → − A ∈ ℂ
7 2 6 subeq0ad ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − − A = 0 ↔ A = − A
8 5 7 bitr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + A = 0 ↔ A = − A
9 ax-icn ⊢ i ∈ ℂ
10 absge0 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A
11 1 10 jca ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ A
12 eleq1 ⊢ A = − A → A ∈ ℝ ↔ − A ∈ ℝ
13 breq2 ⊢ A = − A → 0 ≤ A ↔ 0 ≤ − A
14 12 13 anbi12d ⊢ A = − A → A ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ A ↔ − A ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ − A
15 11 14 imbitrid ⊢ A = − A → A ∈ ℂ → − A ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ − A
16 15 impcom ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → − A ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ − A
17 resqrtcl ⊢ − A ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ − A → − A ∈ ℝ
18 16 17 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → − A ∈ ℝ
19 18 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → − A ∈ ℂ
20 mulcl ⊢ i ∈ ℂ ∧ − A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ − A ∈ ℂ
21 9 19 20 sylancr ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → i ⁢ − A ∈ ℂ
22 sqrtneglem ⊢ − A ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ − A → i ⁢ − A 2 = − − A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A ∧ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ +
23 16 22 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → i ⁢ − A 2 = − − A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A ∧ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ +
24 negneg ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → − − A = A
25 24 adantr ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → − − A = A
26 25 eqeq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → i ⁢ − A 2 = − − A ↔ i ⁢ − A 2 = A
27 26 3anbi1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → i ⁢ − A 2 = − − A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A ∧ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ + ↔ i ⁢ − A 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A ∧ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ +
28 23 27 mpbid ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → i ⁢ − A 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A ∧ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ +
29 oveq1 ⊢ x = i ⁢ − A → x 2 = i ⁢ − A 2
30 29 eqeq1d ⊢ x = i ⁢ − A → x 2 = A ↔ i ⁢ − A 2 = A
31 fveq2 ⊢ x = i ⁢ − A → ℜ ⁡ x = ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A
32 31 breq2d ⊢ x = i ⁢ − A → 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ↔ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A
33 oveq2 ⊢ x = i ⁢ − A → i ⁢ x = i ⁢ i ⁢ − A
34 neleq1 ⊢ i ⁢ x = i ⁢ i ⁢ − A → i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ + ↔ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ +
35 33 34 syl ⊢ x = i ⁢ − A → i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ + ↔ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ +
36 30 32 35 3anbi123d ⊢ x = i ⁢ − A → x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ + ↔ i ⁢ − A 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A ∧ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ +
37 36 rspcev ⊢ i ⁢ − A ∈ ℂ ∧ i ⁢ − A 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ − A ∧ i ⁢ i ⁢ − A ∉ ℝ + → ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
38 21 28 37 syl2anc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A = − A → ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
39 38 ex ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A = − A → ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
40 8 39 sylbid ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + A = 0 → ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
41 resqrtcl ⊢ A ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ A → A ∈ ℝ
42 1 10 41 syl2anc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℝ
43 42 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℂ
44 43 adantr ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A + A ≠ 0 → A ∈ ℂ
45 addcl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A ∈ ℂ → A + A ∈ ℂ
46 2 45 mpancom ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + A ∈ ℂ
47 46 adantr ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A + A ≠ 0 → A + A ∈ ℂ
48 abscl ⊢ A + A ∈ ℂ → A + A ∈ ℝ
49 46 48 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + A ∈ ℝ
50 49 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + A ∈ ℂ
51 50 adantr ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A + A ≠ 0 → A + A ∈ ℂ
52 46 abs00ad ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + A = 0 ↔ A + A = 0
53 52 necon3bid ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + A ≠ 0 ↔ A + A ≠ 0
54 53 biimpar ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A + A ≠ 0 → A + A ≠ 0
55 47 51 54 divcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A + A ≠ 0 → A + A A + A ∈ ℂ
56 44 55 mulcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A + A ≠ 0 → A ⁢ A + A A + A ∈ ℂ
57 eqid ⊢ A ⁢ A + A A + A = A ⁢ A + A A + A
58 57 sqreulem ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A + A ≠ 0 → A ⁢ A + A A + A 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∧ i ⁢ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∉ ℝ +
59 oveq1 ⊢ x = A ⁢ A + A A + A → x 2 = A ⁢ A + A A + A 2
60 59 eqeq1d ⊢ x = A ⁢ A + A A + A → x 2 = A ↔ A ⁢ A + A A + A 2 = A
61 fveq2 ⊢ x = A ⁢ A + A A + A → ℜ ⁡ x = ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A + A A + A
62 61 breq2d ⊢ x = A ⁢ A + A A + A → 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ↔ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A + A A + A
63 oveq2 ⊢ x = A ⁢ A + A A + A → i ⁢ x = i ⁢ A ⁢ A + A A + A
64 neleq1 ⊢ i ⁢ x = i ⁢ A ⁢ A + A A + A → i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ + ↔ i ⁢ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∉ ℝ +
65 63 64 syl ⊢ x = A ⁢ A + A A + A → i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ + ↔ i ⁢ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∉ ℝ +
66 60 62 65 3anbi123d ⊢ x = A ⁢ A + A A + A → x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ + ↔ A ⁢ A + A A + A 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∧ i ⁢ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∉ ℝ +
67 66 rspcev ⊢ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∈ ℂ ∧ A ⁢ A + A A + A 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∧ i ⁢ A ⁢ A + A A + A ∉ ℝ + → ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
68 56 58 67 syl2anc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A + A ≠ 0 → ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
69 68 ex ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + A ≠ 0 → ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
70 40 69 pm2.61dne ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
71 sqrmo ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ∃* x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
72 reu5 ⊢ ∃! x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ + ↔ ∃ x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ + ∧ ∃* x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +
73 70 71 72 sylanbrc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ∃! x ∈ ℂ x 2 = A ∧ 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ x ∧ i ⁢ x ∉ ℝ +