Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem usgrwwlks2on

Description: A walk of length 2 between two vertices as word in a simple graph. This theorem is analogous to umgrwwlks2on except it talks about simple graphs and therefore does not require the Axiom of Choice for its proof. (Contributed by Ender Ting, 29-Jan-2026)

Ref Expression
Hypotheses s3wwlks2on.v V = Vtx G
usgrwwlks2on.e E = Edg G
Assertion usgrwwlks2on G USGraph A V B V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ A 2 WWalksNOn G C A B E B C E

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 s3wwlks2on.v V = Vtx G
2 usgrwwlks2on.e E = Edg G
3 usgruspgr G USGraph G USHGraph
4 3 adantr G USGraph A V B V C V G USHGraph
5 simpr1 G USGraph A V B V C V A V
6 simpr3 G USGraph A V B V C V C V
7 1 sps3wwlks2on G USHGraph A V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ A 2 WWalksNOn G C f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
8 4 5 6 7 syl3anc G USGraph A V B V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ A 2 WWalksNOn G C f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
9 usgrupgr G USGraph G UPGraph
10 eqid iEdg G = iEdg G
11 1 10 upgr2wlk G UPGraph f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2 f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 iEdg G f 1 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2
12 9 11 syl G USGraph f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2 f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 iEdg G f 1 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2
13 12 adantr G USGraph A V B V C V f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2 f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 iEdg G f 1 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2
14 s3fv0 A V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 = A
15 14 3ad2ant1 A V B V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 = A
16 s3fv1 B V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 = B
17 16 3ad2ant2 A V B V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 = B
18 15 17 preq12d A V B V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 = A B
19 18 eqeq2d A V B V C V iEdg G f 0 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 iEdg G f 0 = A B
20 s3fv2 C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2 = C
21 20 3ad2ant3 A V B V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2 = C
22 17 21 preq12d A V B V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2 = B C
23 22 eqeq2d A V B V C V iEdg G f 1 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2 iEdg G f 1 = B C
24 19 23 anbi12d A V B V C V iEdg G f 0 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 iEdg G f 1 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2 iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C
25 24 adantl G USGraph A V B V C V iEdg G f 0 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 iEdg G f 1 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2 iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C
26 25 3anbi3d G USGraph A V B V C V f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 iEdg G f 1 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2 f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C
27 usgruhgr G USGraph G UHGraph
28 10 uhgrfun G UHGraph Fun iEdg G
29 fdmrn Fun iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G
30 simpr f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G
31 id f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G
32 0elpr01 0 0 1
33 fzo0to2pr 0 ..^ 2 = 0 1
34 32 33 eleqtrri 0 0 ..^ 2
35 34 a1i f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G 0 0 ..^ 2
36 31 35 ffvelcdmd f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G f 0 dom iEdg G
37 36 adantr f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G f 0 dom iEdg G
38 30 37 ffvelcdmd f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G
39 1elpr01 1 0 1
40 39 33 eleqtrri 1 0 ..^ 2
41 40 a1i f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G 1 0 ..^ 2
42 31 41 ffvelcdmd f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G f 1 dom iEdg G
43 42 adantr f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G f 1 dom iEdg G
44 30 43 ffvelcdmd f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
45 38 44 jca f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
46 45 ex f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
47 46 3ad2ant1 f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
48 47 com12 iEdg G : dom iEdg G ran iEdg G f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
49 29 48 sylbi Fun iEdg G f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
50 27 28 49 3syl G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
51 50 imp G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
52 eqcom iEdg G f 0 = A B A B = iEdg G f 0
53 52 birani iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C A B = iEdg G f 0
54 53 3ad2ant3 f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C A B = iEdg G f 0
55 54 adantl G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C A B = iEdg G f 0
56 edgval Edg G = ran iEdg G
57 2 56 eqtri E = ran iEdg G
58 57 a1i G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C E = ran iEdg G
59 55 58 eleq12d G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C A B E iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G
60 eqcom iEdg G f 1 = B C B C = iEdg G f 1
61 60 bilani iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C B C = iEdg G f 1
62 61 3ad2ant3 f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C B C = iEdg G f 1
63 62 adantl G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C B C = iEdg G f 1
64 63 58 eleq12d G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C B C E iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
65 59 64 anbi12d G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C A B E B C E iEdg G f 0 ran iEdg G iEdg G f 1 ran iEdg G
66 51 65 mpbird G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C A B E B C E
67 66 ex G USGraph f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C A B E B C E
68 67 adantr G USGraph A V B V C V f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = A B iEdg G f 1 = B C A B E B C E
69 26 68 sylbid G USGraph A V B V C V f : 0 ..^ 2 dom iEdg G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ : 0 2 V iEdg G f 0 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 0 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 iEdg G f 1 = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 1 ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ 2 A B E B C E
70 13 69 sylbid G USGraph A V B V C V f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2 A B E B C E
71 70 exlimdv G USGraph A V B V C V f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2 A B E B C E
72 usgrumgr G USGraph G UMGraph
73 72 3ad2ant1 G USGraph A B E B C E G UMGraph
74 simp2 G USGraph A B E B C E A B E
75 simp3 G USGraph A B E B C E B C E
76 2 umgr2wlk G UMGraph A B E B C E f p f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2
77 73 74 75 76 syl3anc G USGraph A B E B C E f p f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2
78 wlklenvp1 f Walks G p p = f + 1
79 oveq1 f = 2 f + 1 = 2 + 1
80 2p1e3 2 + 1 = 3
81 79 80 eqtrdi f = 2 f + 1 = 3
82 81 adantr f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f + 1 = 3
83 78 82 sylan9eq f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p = 3
84 eqcom A = p 0 p 0 = A
85 eqcom B = p 1 p 1 = B
86 eqcom C = p 2 p 2 = C
87 84 85 86 3anbi123i A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p 0 = A p 1 = B p 2 = C
88 87 bilani f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p 0 = A p 1 = B p 2 = C
89 88 adantl f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p 0 = A p 1 = B p 2 = C
90 83 89 jca f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p = 3 p 0 = A p 1 = B p 2 = C
91 1 wlkpwrd f Walks G p p Word V
92 81 eqeq2d f = 2 p = f + 1 p = 3
93 92 adantl p Word V f = 2 p = f + 1 p = 3
94 simp1 p Word V p = 3 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V
95 oveq2 p = 3 0 ..^ p = 0 ..^ 3
96 fzo0to3tp 0 ..^ 3 = 0 1 2
97 95 96 eqtrdi p = 3 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2
98 c0ex 0 V
99 98 tpid1 0 0 1 2
100 eleq2 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 0 0 ..^ p 0 0 1 2
101 99 100 mpbiri 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 0 0 ..^ p
102 wrdsymbcl p Word V 0 0 ..^ p p 0 V
103 101 102 sylan2 p Word V 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 p 0 V
104 1ex 1 V
105 104 tpid2 1 0 1 2
106 eleq2 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 1 0 ..^ p 1 0 1 2
107 105 106 mpbiri 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 1 0 ..^ p
108 wrdsymbcl p Word V 1 0 ..^ p p 1 V
109 107 108 sylan2 p Word V 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 p 1 V
110 2ex 2 V
111 110 tpid3 2 0 1 2
112 eleq2 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 2 0 ..^ p 2 0 1 2
113 111 112 mpbiri 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 2 0 ..^ p
114 wrdsymbcl p Word V 2 0 ..^ p p 2 V
115 113 114 sylan2 p Word V 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 p 2 V
116 103 109 115 3jca p Word V 0 ..^ p = 0 1 2 p 0 V p 1 V p 2 V
117 97 116 sylan2 p Word V p = 3 p 0 V p 1 V p 2 V
118 117 3adant3 p Word V p = 3 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p 0 V p 1 V p 2 V
119 eleq1 A = p 0 A V p 0 V
120 119 3ad2ant1 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 A V p 0 V
121 eleq1 B = p 1 B V p 1 V
122 121 3ad2ant2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 B V p 1 V
123 eleq1 C = p 2 C V p 2 V
124 123 3ad2ant3 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 C V p 2 V
125 120 122 124 3anbi123d A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 A V B V C V p 0 V p 1 V p 2 V
126 125 3ad2ant3 p Word V p = 3 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 A V B V C V p 0 V p 1 V p 2 V
127 118 126 mpbird p Word V p = 3 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 A V B V C V
128 94 127 jca p Word V p = 3 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V A V B V C V
129 128 3exp p Word V p = 3 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V A V B V C V
130 129 adantr p Word V f = 2 p = 3 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V A V B V C V
131 93 130 sylbid p Word V f = 2 p = f + 1 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V A V B V C V
132 131 impancom p Word V p = f + 1 f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V A V B V C V
133 132 impd p Word V p = f + 1 f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V A V B V C V
134 91 78 133 syl2anc f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V A V B V C V
135 134 imp f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p Word V A V B V C V
136 eqwrds3 p Word V A V B V C V p = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ p = 3 p 0 = A p 1 = B p 2 = C
137 135 136 syl f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ p = 3 p 0 = A p 1 = B p 2 = C
138 90 137 mpbird f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 p = ⟨“ ABC ”⟩
139 138 breq2d f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G p f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩
140 139 biimpd f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G p f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩
141 140 ex f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G p f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩
142 141 pm2.43a f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩
143 142 3impib f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩
144 143 adantl A V B V C V f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩
145 simpr2 A V B V C V f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f = 2
146 144 145 jca A V B V C V f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
147 146 ex A V B V C V f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
148 147 exlimdv A V B V C V p f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
149 148 eximdv A V B V C V f p f Walks G p f = 2 A = p 0 B = p 1 C = p 2 f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
150 77 149 syl5com G USGraph A B E B C E A V B V C V f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
151 150 3expib G USGraph A B E B C E A V B V C V f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
152 151 com23 G USGraph A V B V C V A B E B C E f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
153 152 imp G USGraph A V B V C V A B E B C E f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2
154 71 153 impbid G USGraph A V B V C V f f Walks G ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ f = 2 A B E B C E
155 8 154 bitrd G USGraph A V B V C V ⟨“ ABC ”⟩ A 2 WWalksNOn G C A B E B C E