Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem wallispi2

Description: An alternative version of Wallis' formula for π ; this second formula uses factorials and it is later used to prove Stirling's approximation formula. (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 29-Jun-2017)

Ref Expression
Hypothesis wallispi2.1 ⊢ V = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 4 ⁢ n ⁢ n ! 4 2 ⁢ n ! 2 2 ⁢ n + 1
Assertion wallispi2 ⊢ V ⇝ π 2

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 wallispi2.1 ⊢ V = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 4 ⁢ n ⁢ n ! 4 2 ⁢ n ! 2 2 ⁢ n + 1
2 eqid ⊢ k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k − 1 ⁢ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k + 1 = k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k − 1 ⁢ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k + 1
3 1cnd ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 1 ∈ ℂ
4 2cnd ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 2 ∈ ℂ
5 nncn ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℂ
6 4 5 mulcld ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 2 ⁢ n ∈ ℂ
7 6 3 addcld ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 2 ⁢ n + 1 ∈ ℂ
8 elnnuz ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ↔ n ∈ ℤ ≥ 1
9 8 biimpi ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℤ ≥ 1
10 eqidd ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 = k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2
11 simpr ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n ∧ k = m → k = m
12 11 oveq2d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n ∧ k = m → 2 ⁢ k = 2 ⁢ m
13 12 oveq1d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n ∧ k = m → 2 ⁢ k 4 = 2 ⁢ m 4
14 12 oveq1d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n ∧ k = m → 2 ⁢ k − 1 = 2 ⁢ m − 1
15 12 14 oveq12d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n ∧ k = m → 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 = 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1
16 15 oveq1d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n ∧ k = m → 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 = 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1 2
17 13 16 oveq12d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n ∧ k = m → 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 = 2 ⁢ m 4 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1 2
18 elfznn ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → m ∈ ℕ
19 2cnd ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ∈ ℂ
20 18 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → m ∈ ℂ
21 19 20 mulcld ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m ∈ ℂ
22 4nn0 ⊢ 4 ∈ ℕ 0
23 22 a1i ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 4 ∈ ℕ 0
24 21 23 expcld ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m 4 ∈ ℂ
25 1cnd ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 1 ∈ ℂ
26 21 25 subcld ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m − 1 ∈ ℂ
27 21 26 mulcld ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1 ∈ ℂ
28 27 sqcld ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1 2 ∈ ℂ
29 2ne0 ⊢ 2 ≠ 0
30 29 a1i ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ≠ 0
31 18 nnne0d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → m ≠ 0
32 19 20 30 31 mulne0d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m ≠ 0
33 1red ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 1 ∈ ℝ
34 2re ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ
35 34 a1i ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ∈ ℝ
36 35 33 remulcld ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⋅ 1 ∈ ℝ
37 18 nnred ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → m ∈ ℝ
38 35 37 remulcld ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m ∈ ℝ
39 1lt2 ⊢ 1 < 2
40 39 a1i ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 1 < 2
41 2t1e2 ⊢ 2 ⋅ 1 = 2
42 40 41 breqtrrdi ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 1 < 2 ⋅ 1
43 0le2 ⊢ 0 ≤ 2
44 43 a1i ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 0 ≤ 2
45 elfzle1 ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 1 ≤ m
46 33 37 35 44 45 lemul2ad ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⋅ 1 ≤ 2 ⁢ m
47 33 36 38 42 46 ltletrd ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 1 < 2 ⁢ m
48 33 47 gtned ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m ≠ 1
49 21 25 48 subne0d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m − 1 ≠ 0
50 21 26 32 49 mulne0d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1 ≠ 0
51 2z ⊢ 2 ∈ ℤ
52 51 a1i ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ∈ ℤ
53 27 50 52 expne0d ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1 2 ≠ 0
54 24 28 53 divcld ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → 2 ⁢ m 4 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1 2 ∈ ℂ
55 10 17 18 54 fvmptd ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ m = 2 ⁢ m 4 2 ⁢ m ⁢ 2 ⁢ m − 1 2
56 55 54 eqeltrd ⊢ m ∈ 1 … n → k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ m ∈ ℂ
57 56 adantl ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ∧ m ∈ 1 … n → k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ m ∈ ℂ
58 mulcl ⊢ m ∈ ℂ ∧ w ∈ ℂ → m ⁢ w ∈ ℂ
59 58 adantl ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ∧ m ∈ ℂ ∧ w ∈ ℂ → m ⁢ w ∈ ℂ
60 9 57 59 seqcl ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n ∈ ℂ
61 2nn ⊢ 2 ∈ ℕ
62 61 a1i ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 2 ∈ ℕ
63 id ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ
64 62 63 nnmulcld ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 2 ⁢ n ∈ ℕ
65 64 peano2nnd ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 2 ⁢ n + 1 ∈ ℕ
66 65 nnne0d ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 2 ⁢ n + 1 ≠ 0
67 3 7 60 66 div32d ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 1 2 ⁢ n + 1 ⁢ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n = 1 ⁢ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n 2 ⁢ n + 1
68 60 7 66 divcld ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n 2 ⁢ n + 1 ∈ ℂ
69 68 mullidd ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 1 ⁢ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n 2 ⁢ n + 1 = seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n 2 ⁢ n + 1
70 wallispi2lem2 ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n = 2 4 ⁢ n ⁢ n ! 4 2 ⁢ n ! 2
71 70 oveq1d ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n 2 ⁢ n + 1 = 2 4 ⁢ n ⁢ n ! 4 2 ⁢ n ! 2 2 ⁢ n + 1
72 67 69 71 3eqtrd ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → 1 2 ⁢ n + 1 ⁢ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n = 2 4 ⁢ n ⁢ n ! 4 2 ⁢ n ! 2 2 ⁢ n + 1
73 72 mpteq2ia ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ 1 2 ⁢ n + 1 ⁢ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 4 ⁢ n ⁢ n ! 4 2 ⁢ n ! 2 2 ⁢ n + 1
74 wallispi2lem1 ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k − 1 ⁢ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k + 1 ⁡ n = 1 2 ⁢ n + 1 ⁢ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n
75 74 mpteq2ia ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k − 1 ⁢ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k + 1 ⁡ n = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ 1 2 ⁢ n + 1 ⁢ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 4 2 ⁢ k ⁢ 2 ⁢ k − 1 2 ⁡ n
76 73 75 1 3eqtr4ri ⊢ V = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ seq 1 × k ∈ ℕ ⟼ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k − 1 ⁢ 2 ⁢ k 2 ⁢ k + 1 ⁡ n
77 2 76 wallispi ⊢ V ⇝ π 2