Metamath Proof Explorer


Definition df-bc

Description: Define the binomial coefficient operation. For example, ( 5C 3 ) = 1 0 ( ex-bc ).

In the literature, this function is often written as a column vector of the two arguments, or with the arguments as subscripts before and after the letter "C". The expression ( N C K ) is read " N choose K ". Definition of binomial coefficient in Gleason p. 295. As suggested by Gleason, we define it to be 0 when 0 <_ k <_ n does not hold. (Contributed by NM, 10-Jul-2005)

Ref Expression
Assertion df-bc C = ( 𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 , 𝑘 ∈ ℤ ↦ if ( 𝑘 ∈ ( 0 ... 𝑛 ) , ( ( ! ‘ 𝑛 ) / ( ( ! ‘ ( 𝑛 − 𝑘 ) ) · ( ! ‘ 𝑘 ) ) ) , 0 ) )

Detailed syntax breakdown

Step Hyp Ref Expression
0 cbc ⊢ C
1 vn ⊢ 𝑛
2 cn0 ⊢ ℕ0
3 vk ⊢ 𝑘
4 cz ⊢ ℤ
5 3 cv ⊢ 𝑘
6 cc0 ⊢ 0
7 cfz ⊢ ...
8 1 cv ⊢ 𝑛
9 6 8 7 co ⊢ ( 0 ... 𝑛 )
10 5 9 wcel ⊢ 𝑘 ∈ ( 0 ... 𝑛 )
11 cfa ⊢ !
12 8 11 cfv ⊢ ( ! ‘ 𝑛 )
13 cdiv ⊢ /
14 cmin ⊢ −
15 8 5 14 co ⊢ ( 𝑛 − 𝑘 )
16 15 11 cfv ⊢ ( ! ‘ ( 𝑛 − 𝑘 ) )
17 cmul ⊢ ·
18 5 11 cfv ⊢ ( ! ‘ 𝑘 )
19 16 18 17 co ⊢ ( ( ! ‘ ( 𝑛 − 𝑘 ) ) · ( ! ‘ 𝑘 ) )
20 12 19 13 co ⊢ ( ( ! ‘ 𝑛 ) / ( ( ! ‘ ( 𝑛 − 𝑘 ) ) · ( ! ‘ 𝑘 ) ) )
21 10 20 6 cif ⊢ if ( 𝑘 ∈ ( 0 ... 𝑛 ) , ( ( ! ‘ 𝑛 ) / ( ( ! ‘ ( 𝑛 − 𝑘 ) ) · ( ! ‘ 𝑘 ) ) ) , 0 )
22 1 3 2 4 21 cmpo ⊢ ( 𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 , 𝑘 ∈ ℤ ↦ if ( 𝑘 ∈ ( 0 ... 𝑛 ) , ( ( ! ‘ 𝑛 ) / ( ( ! ‘ ( 𝑛 − 𝑘 ) ) · ( ! ‘ 𝑘 ) ) ) , 0 ) )
23 0 22 wceq ⊢ C = ( 𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 , 𝑘 ∈ ℤ ↦ if ( 𝑘 ∈ ( 0 ... 𝑛 ) , ( ( ! ‘ 𝑛 ) / ( ( ! ‘ ( 𝑛 − 𝑘 ) ) · ( ! ‘ 𝑘 ) ) ) , 0 ) )