Description: Define the n-th homotopy group, which is formed by taking the n -th loop space and forming the quotient under the relation of path homotopy equivalence in the base space of the n -th loop space, which is the n - 1 -th loop space. For n = 0 , since this is not well-defined we replace this relation with the path-connectedness relation, so that the 0 -th homotopy group is the set of path components of X . (Since the 0 -th loop space does not have a group operation, neither does the 0 -th homotopy group, but the rest are genuine groups.) (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Feb-2015)
Ref | Expression | ||
---|---|---|---|
Assertion | df-pin | |
Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
---|---|---|---|
0 | cpin | |
|
1 | vj | |
|
2 | ctop | |
|
3 | vp | |
|
4 | 1 | cv | |
5 | 4 | cuni | |
6 | vn | |
|
7 | cn0 | |
|
8 | c1st | |
|
9 | comn | |
|
10 | 3 | cv | |
11 | 4 10 9 | co | |
12 | 6 | cv | |
13 | 12 11 | cfv | |
14 | 13 8 | cfv | |
15 | cqus | |
|
16 | cc0 | |
|
17 | 12 16 | wceq | |
18 | vx | |
|
19 | vy | |
|
20 | vf | |
|
21 | cii | |
|
22 | ccn | |
|
23 | 21 4 22 | co | |
24 | 20 | cv | |
25 | 16 24 | cfv | |
26 | 18 | cv | |
27 | 25 26 | wceq | |
28 | c1 | |
|
29 | 28 24 | cfv | |
30 | 19 | cv | |
31 | 29 30 | wceq | |
32 | 27 31 | wa | |
33 | 32 20 23 | wrex | |
34 | 33 18 19 | copab | |
35 | cphtpc | |
|
36 | ctopn | |
|
37 | cmin | |
|
38 | 12 28 37 | co | |
39 | 38 11 | cfv | |
40 | 39 8 | cfv | |
41 | 40 36 | cfv | |
42 | 41 35 | cfv | |
43 | 17 34 42 | cif | |
44 | 14 43 15 | co | |
45 | 6 7 44 | cmpt | |
46 | 1 3 2 5 45 | cmpo | |
47 | 0 46 | wceq | |