Description: Introduce a function that takes a function from a filtered domain to a
set and produces a filter which consists of supersets of images of
filter elements. The functions which are dealt with by this function
are similar to nets in topology. For example, suppose we have a
sequence filtered by the filter generated by its tails under the usual
positive integer ordering. Then the elements of this filter are
precisely the supersets of tails of this sequence. Under this
definition, it is not too difficult to see that the limit of a function
in the filter sense captures the notion of convergence of a sequence.
As a result, the notion of a filter generalizes many ideas associated
with sequences, and this function is one way to make that relationship
precise in Metamath. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 5-Sep-2009)(Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 6-Aug-2015)