Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem faclim2

Description: Another factorial limit due to Euler. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 17-Dec-2017)

Ref Expression
Hypothesis faclim2.1 ⊢ F = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 M n + M !
Assertion faclim2 ⊢ M ∈ ℕ 0 → F ⇝ 1

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 faclim2.1 ⊢ F = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 M n + M !
2 oveq2 ⊢ a = 0 → n + 1 a = n + 1 0
3 2 oveq2d ⊢ a = 0 → n ! ⁢ n + 1 a = n ! ⁢ n + 1 0
4 oveq2 ⊢ a = 0 → n + a = n + 0
5 4 fveq2d ⊢ a = 0 → n + a ! = n + 0 !
6 3 5 oveq12d ⊢ a = 0 → n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! = n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 !
7 6 mpteq2dv ⊢ a = 0 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 !
8 7 breq1d ⊢ a = 0 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! ⇝ 1 ↔ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! ⇝ 1
9 oveq2 ⊢ a = m → n + 1 a = n + 1 m
10 9 oveq2d ⊢ a = m → n ! ⁢ n + 1 a = n ! ⁢ n + 1 m
11 oveq2 ⊢ a = m → n + a = n + m
12 11 fveq2d ⊢ a = m → n + a ! = n + m !
13 10 12 oveq12d ⊢ a = m → n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! = n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m !
14 13 mpteq2dv ⊢ a = m → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m !
15 14 breq1d ⊢ a = m → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! ⇝ 1 ↔ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1
16 oveq2 ⊢ a = m + 1 → n + 1 a = n + 1 m + 1
17 16 oveq2d ⊢ a = m + 1 → n ! ⁢ n + 1 a = n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1
18 oveq2 ⊢ a = m + 1 → n + a = n + m + 1
19 18 fveq2d ⊢ a = m + 1 → n + a ! = n + m + 1 !
20 17 19 oveq12d ⊢ a = m + 1 → n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! = n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 !
21 20 mpteq2dv ⊢ a = m + 1 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 !
22 21 breq1d ⊢ a = m + 1 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! ⇝ 1 ↔ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ⇝ 1
23 oveq2 ⊢ a = M → n + 1 a = n + 1 M
24 23 oveq2d ⊢ a = M → n ! ⁢ n + 1 a = n ! ⁢ n + 1 M
25 oveq2 ⊢ a = M → n + a = n + M
26 25 fveq2d ⊢ a = M → n + a ! = n + M !
27 24 26 oveq12d ⊢ a = M → n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! = n ! ⁢ n + 1 M n + M !
28 27 mpteq2dv ⊢ a = M → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 M n + M !
29 28 breq1d ⊢ a = M → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 a n + a ! ⇝ 1 ↔ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 M n + M ! ⇝ 1
30 nnuz ⊢ ℕ = ℤ ≥ 1
31 1zzd ⊢ ⊤ → 1 ∈ ℤ
32 nnex ⊢ ℕ ∈ V
33 32 mptex ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! ∈ V
34 33 a1i ⊢ ⊤ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! ∈ V
35 1cnd ⊢ ⊤ → 1 ∈ ℂ
36 fveq2 ⊢ n = m → n ! = m !
37 oveq1 ⊢ n = m → n + 1 = m + 1
38 37 oveq1d ⊢ n = m → n + 1 0 = m + 1 0
39 36 38 oveq12d ⊢ n = m → n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 = m ! ⁢ m + 1 0
40 fvoveq1 ⊢ n = m → n + 0 ! = m + 0 !
41 39 40 oveq12d ⊢ n = m → n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! = m ! ⁢ m + 1 0 m + 0 !
42 eqid ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 !
43 ovex ⊢ m ! ⁢ m + 1 0 m + 0 ! ∈ V
44 41 42 43 fvmpt ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! ⁡ m = m ! ⁢ m + 1 0 m + 0 !
45 peano2nn ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m + 1 ∈ ℕ
46 45 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m + 1 ∈ ℂ
47 46 exp0d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m + 1 0 = 1
48 47 oveq2d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ! ⁢ m + 1 0 = m ! ⋅ 1
49 nnnn0 ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ∈ ℕ 0
50 faccl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → m ! ∈ ℕ
51 49 50 syl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ! ∈ ℕ
52 51 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ! ∈ ℂ
53 52 mulridd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ! ⋅ 1 = m !
54 48 53 eqtrd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ! ⁢ m + 1 0 = m !
55 nncn ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ∈ ℂ
56 55 addridd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m + 0 = m
57 56 fveq2d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m + 0 ! = m !
58 54 57 oveq12d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ! ⁢ m + 1 0 m + 0 ! = m ! m !
59 51 nnne0d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ! ≠ 0
60 52 59 dividd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → m ! m ! = 1
61 44 58 60 3eqtrd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! ⁡ m = 1
62 61 adantl ⊢ ⊤ ∧ m ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! ⁡ m = 1
63 30 31 34 35 62 climconst ⊢ ⊤ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! ⇝ 1
64 63 mptru ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 0 n + 0 ! ⇝ 1
65 1zzd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 → 1 ∈ ℤ
66 simpr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1
67 32 mptex ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ∈ V
68 67 a1i ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ∈ V
69 1zzd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → 1 ∈ ℤ
70 1cnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → 1 ∈ ℂ
71 nn0p1nn ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → m + 1 ∈ ℕ
72 71 nnzd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → m + 1 ∈ ℤ
73 32 mptex ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ∈ V
74 73 a1i ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ∈ V
75 oveq1 ⊢ n = k → n + 1 = k + 1
76 oveq1 ⊢ n = k → n + m + 1 = k + m + 1
77 75 76 oveq12d ⊢ n = k → n + 1 n + m + 1 = k + 1 k + m + 1
78 eqid ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1
79 ovex ⊢ k + 1 k + m + 1 ∈ V
80 77 78 79 fvmpt ⊢ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⁡ k = k + 1 k + m + 1
81 80 adantl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⁡ k = k + 1 k + m + 1
82 30 69 70 72 74 81 divcnvlin ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⇝ 1
83 82 adantr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⇝ 1
84 simpr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ
85 84 nnnn0d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ 0
86 faccl ⊢ n ∈ ℕ 0 → n ! ∈ ℕ
87 85 86 syl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n ! ∈ ℕ
88 peano2nn ⊢ n ∈ ℕ → n + 1 ∈ ℕ
89 nnexpcl ⊢ n + 1 ∈ ℕ ∧ m ∈ ℕ 0 → n + 1 m ∈ ℕ
90 88 89 sylan ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ∧ m ∈ ℕ 0 → n + 1 m ∈ ℕ
91 90 ancoms ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + 1 m ∈ ℕ
92 87 91 nnmulcld ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n ! ⁢ n + 1 m ∈ ℕ
93 92 nnred ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n ! ⁢ n + 1 m ∈ ℝ
94 nnnn0addcl ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ∧ m ∈ ℕ 0 → n + m ∈ ℕ
95 94 ancoms ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + m ∈ ℕ
96 95 nnnn0d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + m ∈ ℕ 0
97 faccl ⊢ n + m ∈ ℕ 0 → n + m ! ∈ ℕ
98 96 97 syl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + m ! ∈ ℕ
99 93 98 nndivred ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ∈ ℝ
100 99 recnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ∈ ℂ
101 100 fmpttd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! : ℕ ⟶ ℂ
102 101 ffvelcdmda ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
103 102 adantlr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
104 88 adantl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + 1 ∈ ℕ
105 104 nnred ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + 1 ∈ ℝ
106 71 adantr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → m + 1 ∈ ℕ
107 84 106 nnaddcld ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + m + 1 ∈ ℕ
108 105 107 nndivred ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + 1 n + m + 1 ∈ ℝ
109 108 recnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ → n + 1 n + m + 1 ∈ ℂ
110 109 fmpttd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 : ℕ ⟶ ℂ
111 110 ffvelcdmda ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
112 111 adantlr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
113 peano2nn ⊢ k ∈ ℕ → k + 1 ∈ ℕ
114 113 adantl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + 1 ∈ ℕ
115 114 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + 1 ∈ ℂ
116 simpl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → m ∈ ℕ 0
117 115 116 expp1d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + 1 m + 1 = k + 1 m ⁢ k + 1
118 117 oveq2d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1 = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m ⁢ k + 1
119 simpr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ∈ ℕ
120 119 nnnn0d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ∈ ℕ 0
121 faccl ⊢ k ∈ ℕ 0 → k ! ∈ ℕ
122 120 121 syl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ∈ ℕ
123 122 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ∈ ℂ
124 nnexpcl ⊢ k + 1 ∈ ℕ ∧ m ∈ ℕ 0 → k + 1 m ∈ ℕ
125 113 124 sylan ⊢ k ∈ ℕ ∧ m ∈ ℕ 0 → k + 1 m ∈ ℕ
126 125 ancoms ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + 1 m ∈ ℕ
127 126 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + 1 m ∈ ℂ
128 123 127 115 mulassd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ⁢ k + 1 m ⁢ k + 1 = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m ⁢ k + 1
129 118 128 eqtr4d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1 = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m ⁢ k + 1
130 120 116 nn0addcld ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m ∈ ℕ 0
131 facp1 ⊢ k + m ∈ ℕ 0 → k + m + 1 ! = k + m ! ⁢ k + m + 1
132 130 131 syl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m + 1 ! = k + m ! ⁢ k + m + 1
133 119 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ∈ ℂ
134 116 nn0cnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → m ∈ ℂ
135 1cnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → 1 ∈ ℂ
136 133 134 135 addassd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m + 1 = k + m + 1
137 136 fveq2d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m + 1 ! = k + m + 1 !
138 136 oveq2d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m ! ⁢ k + m + 1 = k + m ! ⁢ k + m + 1
139 132 137 138 3eqtr3d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m + 1 ! = k + m ! ⁢ k + m + 1
140 129 139 oveq12d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1 k + m + 1 ! = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m ⁢ k + 1 k + m ! ⁢ k + m + 1
141 122 126 nnmulcld ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ⁢ k + 1 m ∈ ℕ
142 141 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ⁢ k + 1 m ∈ ℂ
143 faccl ⊢ k + m ∈ ℕ 0 → k + m ! ∈ ℕ
144 130 143 syl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m ! ∈ ℕ
145 144 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m ! ∈ ℂ
146 71 adantr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → m + 1 ∈ ℕ
147 119 146 nnaddcld ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m + 1 ∈ ℕ
148 147 nncnd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m + 1 ∈ ℂ
149 144 nnne0d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m ! ≠ 0
150 147 nnne0d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k + m + 1 ≠ 0
151 142 145 115 148 149 150 divmuldivd ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ⁢ k + 1 m k + m ! ⁢ k + 1 k + m + 1 = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m ⁢ k + 1 k + m ! ⁢ k + m + 1
152 140 151 eqtr4d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1 k + m + 1 ! = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m k + m ! ⁢ k + 1 k + m + 1
153 fveq2 ⊢ n = k → n ! = k !
154 75 oveq1d ⊢ n = k → n + 1 m + 1 = k + 1 m + 1
155 153 154 oveq12d ⊢ n = k → n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1
156 fvoveq1 ⊢ n = k → n + m + 1 ! = k + m + 1 !
157 155 156 oveq12d ⊢ n = k → n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1 k + m + 1 !
158 eqid ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 !
159 ovex ⊢ k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1 k + m + 1 ! ∈ V
160 157 158 159 fvmpt ⊢ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ⁡ k = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1 k + m + 1 !
161 160 adantl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ⁡ k = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m + 1 k + m + 1 !
162 75 oveq1d ⊢ n = k → n + 1 m = k + 1 m
163 153 162 oveq12d ⊢ n = k → n ! ⁢ n + 1 m = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m
164 fvoveq1 ⊢ n = k → n + m ! = k + m !
165 163 164 oveq12d ⊢ n = k → n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m k + m !
166 eqid ⊢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m !
167 ovex ⊢ k ! ⁢ k + 1 m k + m ! ∈ V
168 165 166 167 fvmpt ⊢ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⁡ k = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m k + m !
169 168 80 oveq12d ⊢ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⁡ k ⁢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⁡ k = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m k + m ! ⁢ k + 1 k + m + 1
170 169 adantl ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⁡ k ⁢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⁡ k = k ! ⁢ k + 1 m k + m ! ⁢ k + 1 k + m + 1
171 152 161 170 3eqtr4d ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ⁡ k = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⁡ k ⁢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⁡ k
172 171 adantlr ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ⁡ k = n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⁡ k ⁢ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n + 1 n + m + 1 ⁡ k
173 30 65 66 68 83 103 112 172 climmul ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ⇝ 1 ⋅ 1
174 1t1e1 ⊢ 1 ⋅ 1 = 1
175 173 174 breqtrdi ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ⇝ 1
176 175 ex ⊢ m ∈ ℕ 0 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m n + m ! ⇝ 1 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 m + 1 n + m + 1 ! ⇝ 1
177 8 15 22 29 64 176 nn0ind ⊢ M ∈ ℕ 0 → n ∈ ℕ ⟼ n ! ⁢ n + 1 M n + M ! ⇝ 1
178 1 177 eqbrtrid ⊢ M ∈ ℕ 0 → F ⇝ 1