Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem sqrtcval

Description: Explicit formula for the complex square root in terms of the square root of nonnegative reals. The right-hand side is decomposed into real and imaginary parts in the format expected by crrei and crimi . This formula can be found in section 3.7.27 of Handbook of Mathematical Functions, ed. M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun (1965, Dover Press). (Contributed by RP, 18-May-2024)

Ref Expression
Assertion sqrtcval ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 sqrtcvallem5 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ
2 1 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
3 ax-icn ⊢ i ∈ ℂ
4 3 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ∈ ℂ
5 neg1rr ⊢ − 1 ∈ ℝ
6 1re ⊢ 1 ∈ ℝ
7 5 6 ifcli ⊢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ∈ ℝ
8 7 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ∈ ℝ
9 sqrtcvallem3 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ
10 8 9 remulcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ
11 10 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
12 4 11 mulcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
13 2 12 addcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
14 id ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℂ
15 binom2 ⊢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ ∧ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2
16 2 12 15 syl2anc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2
17 abscl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℝ
18 recl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ
19 17 18 readdcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ
20 19 rehalfcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ
21 20 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
22 21 sqsqrtd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2
23 4 11 sqmuld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = i 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2
24 i2 ⊢ i 2 = − 1
25 24 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i 2 = − 1
26 8 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ∈ ℂ
27 9 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
28 26 27 sqmuld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 2 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2
29 ovif ⊢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 2 1 2
30 neg1sqe1 ⊢ − 1 2 = 1
31 sq1 ⊢ 1 2 = 1
32 ifeq12 ⊢ − 1 2 = 1 ∧ 1 2 = 1 → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 2 1 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 1 1
33 30 31 32 mp2an ⊢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 2 1 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 1 1
34 ifid ⊢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 1 1 = 1
35 29 33 34 3eqtri ⊢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 2 = 1
36 35 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 2 = 1
37 17 18 resubcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ
38 37 rehalfcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ
39 38 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
40 39 sqsqrtd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
41 36 40 oveq12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 2 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
42 39 mullidd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
43 28 41 42 3eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
44 25 43 oveq12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = -1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
45 39 mulm1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = − A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
46 23 44 45 3eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = − A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
47 22 46 oveq12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + − A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
48 21 39 negsubd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + − A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 − A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
49 17 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℂ
50 18 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ
51 49 50 50 pnncand ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A - A − ℜ ⁡ A = ℜ ⁡ A + ℜ ⁡ A
52 50 2timesd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ ℜ ⁡ A = ℜ ⁡ A + ℜ ⁡ A
53 51 52 eqtr4d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A - A − ℜ ⁡ A = 2 ⁢ ℜ ⁡ A
54 53 oveq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A - A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 2 ⁢ ℜ ⁡ A 2
55 19 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ
56 37 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ
57 2cnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ∈ ℂ
58 2ne0 ⊢ 2 ≠ 0
59 58 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ≠ 0
60 55 56 57 59 divsubdird ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A - A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 − A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
61 50 57 59 divcan3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ ℜ ⁡ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A
62 54 60 61 3eqtr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 − A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A
63 47 48 62 3eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = ℜ ⁡ A
64 57 2 mulcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
65 64 4 11 mul12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = i ⁢ 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
66 57 2 12 mulassd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
67 57 2 11 mulassd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
68 2 26 27 mul12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
69 sqrtcvallem4 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2
70 halfnneg2 ⊢ A + ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ → 0 ≤ A + ℜ ⁡ A ↔ 0 ≤ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2
71 19 70 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A + ℜ ⁡ A ↔ 0 ≤ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2
72 69 71 mpbird ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A + ℜ ⁡ A
73 2rp ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ +
74 73 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ∈ ℝ +
75 19 72 74 sqrtdivd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2
76 sqrtcvallem2 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
77 halfnneg2 ⊢ A − ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ → 0 ≤ A − ℜ ⁡ A ↔ 0 ≤ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
78 37 77 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A − ℜ ⁡ A ↔ 0 ≤ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
79 76 78 mpbird ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A − ℜ ⁡ A
80 37 79 74 sqrtdivd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
81 75 80 oveq12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
82 19 72 resqrtcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ
83 82 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ
84 2re ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ
85 84 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ∈ ℝ
86 0le2 ⊢ 0 ≤ 2
87 86 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ 2
88 85 87 resqrtcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ∈ ℝ
89 88 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ∈ ℂ
90 37 79 resqrtcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ
91 90 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ
92 sqrt00 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ 2 → 2 = 0 ↔ 2 = 0
93 84 86 92 mp2an ⊢ 2 = 0 ↔ 2 = 0
94 93 necon3bii ⊢ 2 ≠ 0 ↔ 2 ≠ 0
95 58 94 mpbir ⊢ 2 ≠ 0
96 95 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ≠ 0
97 83 89 91 89 96 96 divmuldivd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ 2
98 18 resqcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ
99 98 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
100 imcl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ
101 100 resqcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ
102 101 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
103 absvalsq2 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A 2 + ℑ ⁡ A 2
104 99 102 103 mvrladdd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A 2 − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = ℑ ⁡ A 2
105 subsq ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ → A 2 − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A
106 49 50 105 syl2anc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A 2 − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A
107 104 106 eqtr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A
108 107 fveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A
109 100 absred ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A = ℑ ⁡ A 2
110 reabsifneg ⊢ ℑ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ → ℑ ⁡ A = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A
111 100 110 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A
112 109 111 eqtr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A
113 19 72 37 79 sqrtmuld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A = A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A
114 108 112 113 3eqtr3rd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A
115 remsqsqrt ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ 2 → 2 ⁢ 2 = 2
116 84 86 115 mp2an ⊢ 2 ⁢ 2 = 2
117 116 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ 2 = 2
118 114 117 oveq12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2
119 81 97 118 3eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2
120 119 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2
121 68 120 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2
122 121 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2
123 100 renegcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → − ℑ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ
124 123 100 ifcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A ∈ ℝ
125 124 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ
126 26 125 57 59 divassd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2 = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2
127 ovif12 ⊢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A = if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 -1 ⁢ − ℑ ⁡ A 1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A
128 5 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → − 1 ∈ ℝ
129 128 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → − 1 ∈ ℂ
130 100 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ
131 129 129 130 mulassd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ -1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A = -1 ⁢ -1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A
132 neg1mulneg1e1 ⊢ -1 ⁢ -1 = 1
133 132 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ -1 = 1
134 133 oveq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ -1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A = 1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A
135 130 mullidd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A = ℑ ⁡ A
136 134 135 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ -1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A = ℑ ⁡ A
137 130 mulm1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A = − ℑ ⁡ A
138 137 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ -1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A = -1 ⁢ − ℑ ⁡ A
139 131 136 138 3eqtr3rd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ − ℑ ⁡ A = ℑ ⁡ A
140 139 adantr ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℑ ⁡ A < 0 → -1 ⁢ − ℑ ⁡ A = ℑ ⁡ A
141 135 adantr ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ¬ ℑ ⁡ A < 0 → 1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A = ℑ ⁡ A
142 140 141 ifeqda ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 -1 ⁢ − ℑ ⁡ A 1 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A = ℑ ⁡ A
143 127 142 eqtrid ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A = ℑ ⁡ A
144 143 oveq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2 = ℑ ⁡ A 2
145 126 144 eqtr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2 = ℑ ⁡ A 2
146 145 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2 = 2 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A 2
147 130 57 59 divcan2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A 2 = ℑ ⁡ A
148 146 147 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − ℑ ⁡ A ℑ ⁡ A 2 = ℑ ⁡ A
149 67 122 148 3eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = ℑ ⁡ A
150 149 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = i ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A
151 65 66 150 3eqtr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = i ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A
152 63 151 oveq12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A + i ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A
153 1 resqcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 ∈ ℝ
154 153 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 ∈ ℂ
155 2 12 mulcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
156 57 155 mulcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
157 12 sqcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 ∈ ℂ
158 154 156 157 add32d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
159 replim ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A = ℜ ⁡ A + i ⁢ ℑ ⁡ A
160 152 158 159 3eqtr4d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 + 2 ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ⁢ i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A
161 16 160 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 2 = A
162 20 69 sqrtge0d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2
163 1 10 crred ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2
164 162 163 breqtrrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ ℜ ⁡ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
165 reim ⊢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = ℑ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
166 13 165 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = ℑ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2
167 166 163 eqtr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2
168 167 eqeq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0
169 cnsqrt00 ⊢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0
170 21 169 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0
171 half0 ⊢ A + ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ A + ℜ ⁡ A = 0
172 55 171 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ A + ℜ ⁡ A = 0
173 49 50 addcomd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A = ℜ ⁡ A + A
174 173 eqeq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A = 0 ↔ ℜ ⁡ A + A = 0
175 addeq0 ⊢ ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A + A = 0 ↔ ℜ ⁡ A = − A
176 50 49 175 syl2anc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A + A = 0 ↔ ℜ ⁡ A = − A
177 172 174 176 3bitrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ ℜ ⁡ A = − A
178 168 170 177 3bitrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ ℜ ⁡ A = − A
179 olc ⊢ ℜ ⁡ A = − A → ℜ ⁡ A = A ∨ ℜ ⁡ A = − A
180 eqcom ⊢ ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A 2 ↔ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A 2
181 180 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A 2 ↔ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A 2
182 sqeqor ⊢ ℜ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ ∧ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A 2 ↔ ℜ ⁡ A = A ∨ ℜ ⁡ A = − A
183 50 49 182 syl2anc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A 2 ↔ ℜ ⁡ A = A ∨ ℜ ⁡ A = − A
184 103 eqeq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A 2 ↔ ℜ ⁡ A 2 + ℑ ⁡ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A 2
185 addid0 ⊢ ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ ∧ ℑ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A 2 + ℑ ⁡ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A 2 ↔ ℑ ⁡ A 2 = 0
186 99 102 185 syl2anc ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A 2 + ℑ ⁡ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A 2 ↔ ℑ ⁡ A 2 = 0
187 sqeq0 ⊢ ℑ ⁡ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ ℑ ⁡ A = 0
188 130 187 syl ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ A 2 = 0 ↔ ℑ ⁡ A = 0
189 184 186 188 3bitrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A 2 = ℜ ⁡ A 2 ↔ ℑ ⁡ A = 0
190 181 183 189 3bitr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A = A ∨ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ↔ ℑ ⁡ A = 0
191 179 190 imbitrid ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A = − A → ℑ ⁡ A = 0
192 191 ancld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A = − A → ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0
193 178 192 sylbid ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 → ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0
194 simp2 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ℜ ⁡ A = − A
195 194 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + ℜ ⁡ A = A + − A
196 49 3ad2ant1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A ∈ ℂ
197 196 negidd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + − A = 0
198 195 197 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + ℜ ⁡ A = 0
199 198 oveq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 2
200 2cn ⊢ 2 ∈ ℂ
201 200 58 div0i ⊢ 0 2 = 0
202 199 201 eqtrdi ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0
203 202 fveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0
204 sqrt0 ⊢ 0 = 0
205 203 204 eqtrdi ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0
206 simp3 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ℑ ⁡ A = 0
207 0red ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → 0 ∈ ℝ
208 207 ltnrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ¬ 0 < 0
209 206 208 eqnbrtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ¬ ℑ ⁡ A < 0
210 209 iffalsed ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 = 1
211 194 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A − ℜ ⁡ A = A − − A
212 49 49 subnegd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − − A = A + A
213 49 2timesd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A = A + A
214 212 213 eqtr4d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A − − A = 2 ⁢ A
215 214 3ad2ant1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A − − A = 2 ⁢ A
216 211 215 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A − ℜ ⁡ A = 2 ⁢ A
217 216 oveq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 2 ⁢ A 2
218 49 57 59 divcan3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 2 ⁢ A 2 = A
219 218 3ad2ant1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → 2 ⁢ A 2 = A
220 217 219 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A
221 220 fveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A
222 210 221 oveq12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 1 ⁢ A
223 absge0 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A
224 17 223 resqrtcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℝ
225 224 recnd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A ∈ ℂ
226 225 mullidd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 1 ⁢ A = A
227 226 3ad2ant1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → 1 ⁢ A = A
228 222 227 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A
229 228 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = i ⁢ A
230 205 229 oveq12d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 + i ⁢ A
231 4 225 mulcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ A ∈ ℂ
232 231 3ad2ant1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → i ⁢ A ∈ ℂ
233 232 addlidd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → 0 + i ⁢ A = i ⁢ A
234 230 233 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = i ⁢ A
235 234 oveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = i ⁢ i ⁢ A
236 ixi ⊢ i ⁢ i = − 1
237 236 a1i ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ i = − 1
238 237 oveq1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ i ⁢ A = -1 ⁢ A
239 4 4 225 mulassd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ i ⁢ A = i ⁢ i ⁢ A
240 225 mulm1d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → -1 ⁢ A = − A
241 238 239 240 3eqtr3d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ i ⁢ A = − A
242 241 3ad2ant1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → i ⁢ i ⁢ A = − A
243 235 242 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = − A
244 243 fveq2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = ℜ ⁡ − A
245 224 renegcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → − A ∈ ℝ
246 245 rered ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ − A = − A
247 246 3ad2ant1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ℜ ⁡ − A = − A
248 244 247 eqtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = − A
249 17 223 sqrtge0d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A
250 224 le0neg2d ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ A ↔ − A ≤ 0
251 249 250 mpbid ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → − A ≤ 0
252 251 3ad2ant1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → − A ≤ 0
253 248 252 eqbrtrd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ ∧ ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ≤ 0
254 253 3expib ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℜ ⁡ A = − A ∧ ℑ ⁡ A = 0 → ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ≤ 0
255 193 254 syld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 → ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ≤ 0
256 4 13 mulcld ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℂ
257 256 sqrtcvallem1 ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ℑ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = 0 → ℜ ⁡ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ≤ 0 ↔ ¬ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ +
258 255 257 mpbid ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → ¬ i ⁢ A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 ∈ ℝ +
259 13 14 161 164 258 eqsqrtd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2 = A
260 259 eqcomd ⊢ A ∈ ℂ → A = A + ℜ ⁡ A 2 + i ⁢ if ℑ ⁡ A < 0 − 1 1 ⁢ A − ℜ ⁡ A 2