Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem sinccvglem

Description: ( ( sinx ) / x ) ~> 1 as (real) x ~> 0 . (Contributed by Paul Chapman, 10-Nov-2012) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 21-May-2014)

Ref Expression
Hypotheses sinccvg.1 ⊢ φ → F : ℕ ⟶ ℝ ∖ 0
sinccvg.2 ⊢ φ → F ⇝ 0
sinccvg.3 ⊢ G = x ∈ ℝ ∖ 0 ⟼ sin ⁡ x x
sinccvg.4 ⊢ H = x ∈ ℂ ⟼ 1 − x 2 3
sinccvg.5 ⊢ φ → M ∈ ℕ
sinccvg.6 ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k < 1
Assertion sinccvglem ⊢ φ → G ∘ F ⇝ 1

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 sinccvg.1 ⊢ φ → F : ℕ ⟶ ℝ ∖ 0
2 sinccvg.2 ⊢ φ → F ⇝ 0
3 sinccvg.3 ⊢ G = x ∈ ℝ ∖ 0 ⟼ sin ⁡ x x
4 sinccvg.4 ⊢ H = x ∈ ℂ ⟼ 1 − x 2 3
5 sinccvg.5 ⊢ φ → M ∈ ℕ
6 sinccvg.6 ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k < 1
7 eqid ⊢ ℤ ≥ M = ℤ ≥ M
8 5 nnzd ⊢ φ → M ∈ ℤ
9 4 funmpt2 ⊢ Fun ⁡ H
10 nnex ⊢ ℕ ∈ V
11 fex ⊢ F : ℕ ⟶ ℝ ∖ 0 ∧ ℕ ∈ V → F ∈ V
12 1 10 11 sylancl ⊢ φ → F ∈ V
13 cofunexg ⊢ Fun ⁡ H ∧ F ∈ V → H ∘ F ∈ V
14 9 12 13 sylancr ⊢ φ → H ∘ F ∈ V
15 1 adantr ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F : ℕ ⟶ ℝ ∖ 0
16 eluznn ⊢ M ∈ ℕ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → k ∈ ℕ
17 5 16 sylan ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → k ∈ ℕ
18 15 17 ffvelcdmd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ ∖ 0
19 eldifsn ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ ∖ 0 ↔ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ ∧ F ⁡ k ≠ 0
20 18 19 sylib ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ ∧ F ⁡ k ≠ 0
21 20 simpld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ
22 21 recnd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
23 ax-1cn ⊢ 1 ∈ ℂ
24 sqcl ⊢ x ∈ ℂ → x 2 ∈ ℂ
25 3cn ⊢ 3 ∈ ℂ
26 3ne0 ⊢ 3 ≠ 0
27 divcl ⊢ x 2 ∈ ℂ ∧ 3 ∈ ℂ ∧ 3 ≠ 0 → x 2 3 ∈ ℂ
28 25 26 27 mp3an23 ⊢ x 2 ∈ ℂ → x 2 3 ∈ ℂ
29 24 28 syl ⊢ x ∈ ℂ → x 2 3 ∈ ℂ
30 subcl ⊢ 1 ∈ ℂ ∧ x 2 3 ∈ ℂ → 1 − x 2 3 ∈ ℂ
31 23 29 30 sylancr ⊢ x ∈ ℂ → 1 − x 2 3 ∈ ℂ
32 4 31 fmpti ⊢ H : ℂ ⟶ ℂ
33 eqid ⊢ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld = TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
34 33 cnfldtopon ⊢ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld ∈ TopOn ⁡ ℂ
35 34 a1i ⊢ ⊤ → TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld ∈ TopOn ⁡ ℂ
36 1cnd ⊢ ⊤ → 1 ∈ ℂ
37 35 35 36 cnmptc ⊢ ⊤ → x ∈ ℂ ⟼ 1 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
38 33 sqcn ⊢ x ∈ ℂ ⟼ x 2 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
39 38 a1i ⊢ ⊤ → x ∈ ℂ ⟼ x 2 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
40 33 divccn ⊢ 3 ∈ ℂ ∧ 3 ≠ 0 → y ∈ ℂ ⟼ y 3 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
41 25 26 40 mp2an ⊢ y ∈ ℂ ⟼ y 3 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
42 41 a1i ⊢ ⊤ → y ∈ ℂ ⟼ y 3 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
43 oveq1 ⊢ y = x 2 → y 3 = x 2 3
44 35 39 35 42 43 cnmpt11 ⊢ ⊤ → x ∈ ℂ ⟼ x 2 3 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
45 33 subcn ⊢ − ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld × t TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
46 45 a1i ⊢ ⊤ → − ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld × t TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
47 35 37 44 46 cnmpt12f ⊢ ⊤ → x ∈ ℂ ⟼ 1 − x 2 3 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
48 47 mptru ⊢ x ∈ ℂ ⟼ 1 − x 2 3 ∈ TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
49 33 cncfcn1 ⊢ ℂ ⟶cn ℂ = TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld Cn TopOpen ⁡ ℂ fld
50 48 4 49 3eltr4i ⊢ H : ℂ ⟶cn ℂ
51 cncfi ⊢ H : ℂ ⟶cn ℂ ∧ 0 ∈ ℂ ∧ y ∈ ℝ + → ∃ z ∈ ℝ + ∀ w ∈ ℂ w − 0 < z → H ⁡ w − H ⁡ 0 < y
52 50 51 mp3an1 ⊢ 0 ∈ ℂ ∧ y ∈ ℝ + → ∃ z ∈ ℝ + ∀ w ∈ ℂ w − 0 < z → H ⁡ w − H ⁡ 0 < y
53 fvco3 ⊢ F : ℕ ⟶ ℝ ∖ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → H ∘ F ⁡ k = H ⁡ F ⁡ k
54 1 53 sylan ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℕ → H ∘ F ⁡ k = H ⁡ F ⁡ k
55 17 54 syldan ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → H ∘ F ⁡ k = H ⁡ F ⁡ k
56 7 2 14 8 22 32 52 55 climcn1lem ⊢ φ → H ∘ F ⇝ H ⁡ 0
57 0cn ⊢ 0 ∈ ℂ
58 sq0i ⊢ x = 0 → x 2 = 0
59 58 oveq1d ⊢ x = 0 → x 2 3 = 0 3
60 25 26 div0i ⊢ 0 3 = 0
61 59 60 eqtrdi ⊢ x = 0 → x 2 3 = 0
62 61 oveq2d ⊢ x = 0 → 1 − x 2 3 = 1 − 0
63 1m0e1 ⊢ 1 − 0 = 1
64 62 63 eqtrdi ⊢ x = 0 → 1 − x 2 3 = 1
65 1ex ⊢ 1 ∈ V
66 64 4 65 fvmpt ⊢ 0 ∈ ℂ → H ⁡ 0 = 1
67 57 66 ax-mp ⊢ H ⁡ 0 = 1
68 56 67 breqtrdi ⊢ φ → H ∘ F ⇝ 1
69 3 funmpt2 ⊢ Fun ⁡ G
70 cofunexg ⊢ Fun ⁡ G ∧ F ∈ V → G ∘ F ∈ V
71 69 12 70 sylancr ⊢ φ → G ∘ F ∈ V
72 oveq1 ⊢ x = F ⁡ k → x 2 = F ⁡ k 2
73 72 oveq1d ⊢ x = F ⁡ k → x 2 3 = F ⁡ k 2 3
74 73 oveq2d ⊢ x = F ⁡ k → 1 − x 2 3 = 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3
75 ovex ⊢ 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 ∈ V
76 74 4 75 fvmpt ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ ℂ → H ⁡ F ⁡ k = 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3
77 22 76 syl ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → H ⁡ F ⁡ k = 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3
78 55 77 eqtrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → H ∘ F ⁡ k = 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3
79 1re ⊢ 1 ∈ ℝ
80 21 resqcld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 ∈ ℝ
81 3nn ⊢ 3 ∈ ℕ
82 nndivre ⊢ F ⁡ k 2 ∈ ℝ ∧ 3 ∈ ℕ → F ⁡ k 2 3 ∈ ℝ
83 80 81 82 sylancl ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 3 ∈ ℝ
84 resubcl ⊢ 1 ∈ ℝ ∧ F ⁡ k 2 3 ∈ ℝ → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 ∈ ℝ
85 79 83 84 sylancr ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 ∈ ℝ
86 78 85 eqeltrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → H ∘ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ
87 fvco3 ⊢ F : ℕ ⟶ ℝ ∖ 0 ∧ k ∈ ℕ → G ∘ F ⁡ k = G ⁡ F ⁡ k
88 1 87 sylan ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℕ → G ∘ F ⁡ k = G ⁡ F ⁡ k
89 17 88 syldan ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → G ∘ F ⁡ k = G ⁡ F ⁡ k
90 fveq2 ⊢ x = F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ x = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k
91 id ⊢ x = F ⁡ k → x = F ⁡ k
92 90 91 oveq12d ⊢ x = F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ x x = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
93 ovex ⊢ sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k ∈ V
94 92 3 93 fvmpt ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ ∖ 0 → G ⁡ F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
95 18 94 syl ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → G ⁡ F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
96 89 95 eqtrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → G ∘ F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
97 21 resincld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ
98 20 simprd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ≠ 0
99 97 21 98 redivcld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ
100 96 99 eqeltrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → G ∘ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ
101 1cnd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 ∈ ℂ
102 83 recnd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 3 ∈ ℂ
103 22 abscld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ
104 103 recnd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
105 101 102 104 subdird ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 ⁢ F ⁡ k = 1 ⁢ F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k 2 3 ⁢ F ⁡ k
106 104 mullidd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 ⁢ F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k
107 df-3 ⊢ 3 = 2 + 1
108 107 oveq2i ⊢ F ⁡ k 3 = F ⁡ k 2 + 1
109 2nn0 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℕ 0
110 expp1 ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ ℂ ∧ 2 ∈ ℕ 0 → F ⁡ k 2 + 1 = F ⁡ k 2 ⁢ F ⁡ k
111 104 109 110 sylancl ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 + 1 = F ⁡ k 2 ⁢ F ⁡ k
112 absresq ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ → F ⁡ k 2 = F ⁡ k 2
113 21 112 syl ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 = F ⁡ k 2
114 113 oveq1d ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 ⁢ F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k 2 ⁢ F ⁡ k
115 111 114 eqtrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 + 1 = F ⁡ k 2 ⁢ F ⁡ k
116 108 115 eqtrid ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 3 = F ⁡ k 2 ⁢ F ⁡ k
117 116 oveq1d ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 3 3 = F ⁡ k 2 ⁢ F ⁡ k 3
118 80 recnd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 ∈ ℂ
119 25 a1i ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 3 ∈ ℂ
120 26 a1i ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 3 ≠ 0
121 118 104 119 120 div23d ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 ⁢ F ⁡ k 3 = F ⁡ k 2 3 ⁢ F ⁡ k
122 117 121 eqtr2d ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k 2 3 ⁢ F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k 3 3
123 106 122 oveq12d ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 ⁢ F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k 2 3 ⁢ F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k 3 3
124 105 123 eqtrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 ⁢ F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k 3 3
125 22 98 absrpcld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ +
126 125 rpgt0d ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 0 < F ⁡ k
127 ltle ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ ∧ 1 ∈ ℝ → F ⁡ k < 1 → F ⁡ k ≤ 1
128 103 79 127 sylancl ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k < 1 → F ⁡ k ≤ 1
129 6 128 mpd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ≤ 1
130 0xr ⊢ 0 ∈ ℝ *
131 elioc2 ⊢ 0 ∈ ℝ * ∧ 1 ∈ ℝ → F ⁡ k ∈ 0 1 ↔ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 < F ⁡ k ∧ F ⁡ k ≤ 1
132 130 79 131 mp2an ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ 0 1 ↔ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 < F ⁡ k ∧ F ⁡ k ≤ 1
133 103 126 129 132 syl3anbrc ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ∈ 0 1
134 sin01bnd ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ 0 1 → F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k 3 3 < sin ⁡ F ⁡ k ∧ sin ⁡ F ⁡ k < F ⁡ k
135 133 134 syl ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k 3 3 < sin ⁡ F ⁡ k ∧ sin ⁡ F ⁡ k < F ⁡ k
136 135 simpld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k 3 3 < sin ⁡ F ⁡ k
137 124 136 eqbrtrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 ⁢ F ⁡ k < sin ⁡ F ⁡ k
138 103 resincld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k ∈ ℝ
139 85 138 125 ltmuldivd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 ⁢ F ⁡ k < sin ⁡ F ⁡ k ↔ 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 < sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
140 137 139 mpbid ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 < sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
141 fveq2 ⊢ F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k
142 id ⊢ F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k → F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k
143 141 142 oveq12d ⊢ F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
144 143 a1i ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
145 sinneg ⊢ F ⁡ k ∈ ℂ → sin ⁡ − F ⁡ k = − sin ⁡ F ⁡ k
146 22 145 syl ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ − F ⁡ k = − sin ⁡ F ⁡ k
147 146 oveq1d ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ − F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k = − sin ⁡ F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k
148 97 recnd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
149 148 22 98 div2negd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → − sin ⁡ F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
150 147 149 eqtrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ − F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
151 fveq2 ⊢ F ⁡ k = − F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ − F ⁡ k
152 id ⊢ F ⁡ k = − F ⁡ k → F ⁡ k = − F ⁡ k
153 151 152 oveq12d ⊢ F ⁡ k = − F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ − F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k
154 153 eqeq1d ⊢ F ⁡ k = − F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k ↔ sin ⁡ − F ⁡ k − F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
155 150 154 syl5ibrcom ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k = − F ⁡ k → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
156 21 absord ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k = F ⁡ k ∨ F ⁡ k = − F ⁡ k
157 144 155 156 mpjaod ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k = sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
158 140 157 breqtrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 < sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
159 85 99 158 ltled ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 − F ⁡ k 2 3 ≤ sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k
160 159 78 96 3brtr4d ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → H ∘ F ⁡ k ≤ G ∘ F ⁡ k
161 79 a1i ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → 1 ∈ ℝ
162 135 simprd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k < F ⁡ k
163 104 mulridd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → F ⁡ k ⋅ 1 = F ⁡ k
164 162 163 breqtrrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k < F ⁡ k ⋅ 1
165 138 161 125 ltdivmuld ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k < 1 ↔ sin ⁡ F ⁡ k < F ⁡ k ⋅ 1
166 164 165 mpbird ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k < 1
167 157 166 eqbrtrrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k < 1
168 99 161 167 ltled ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → sin ⁡ F ⁡ k F ⁡ k ≤ 1
169 96 168 eqbrtrd ⊢ φ ∧ k ∈ ℤ ≥ M → G ∘ F ⁡ k ≤ 1
170 7 8 68 71 86 100 160 169 climsqz ⊢ φ → G ∘ F ⇝ 1