Metamath Proof Explorer


Theorem signsplypnf

Description: The quotient of a polynomial F by a monic monomial of same degree G converges to the highest coefficient of F . (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 18-Sep-2018)

Ref Expression
Hypotheses signsply0.d ⊢ D = deg ⁡ F
signsply0.c ⊢ C = coeff ⁡ F
signsply0.b ⊢ B = C ⁡ D
signsplypnf.g ⊢ G = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ x D
Assertion signsplypnf ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → F ÷ f G ⇝ℝ B

Proof

Step Hyp Ref Expression
1 signsply0.d ⊢ D = deg ⁡ F
2 signsply0.c ⊢ C = coeff ⁡ F
3 signsply0.b ⊢ B = C ⁡ D
4 signsplypnf.g ⊢ G = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ x D
5 plyf ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → F : ℂ ⟶ ℂ
6 5 ffnd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → F Fn ℂ
7 ovex ⊢ x D ∈ V
8 7 rgenw ⊢ ∀ x ∈ ℝ + x D ∈ V
9 4 fnmpt ⊢ ∀ x ∈ ℝ + x D ∈ V → G Fn ℝ +
10 8 9 mp1i ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → G Fn ℝ +
11 cnex ⊢ ℂ ∈ V
12 11 a1i ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → ℂ ∈ V
13 reex ⊢ ℝ ∈ V
14 rpssre ⊢ ℝ + ⊆ ℝ
15 13 14 ssexi ⊢ ℝ + ∈ V
16 15 a1i ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → ℝ + ∈ V
17 ax-resscn ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℂ
18 14 17 sstri ⊢ ℝ + ⊆ ℂ
19 sseqin2 ⊢ ℝ + ⊆ ℂ ↔ ℂ ∩ ℝ + = ℝ +
20 18 19 mpbi ⊢ ℂ ∩ ℝ + = ℝ +
21 2 1 coeid2 ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℂ → F ⁡ x = ∑ k = 0 D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k
22 4 fvmpt2 ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ x D ∈ V → G ⁡ x = x D
23 7 22 mpan2 ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → G ⁡ x = x D
24 23 adantl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → G ⁡ x = x D
25 6 10 12 16 20 21 24 offval ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → F ÷ f G = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k = 0 D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D
26 fzfid ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → 0 … D ∈ Fin
27 18 a1i ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → ℝ + ⊆ ℂ
28 27 sselda ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x ∈ ℂ
29 dgrcl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → deg ⁡ F ∈ ℕ 0
30 1 29 eqeltrid ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → D ∈ ℕ 0
31 30 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → D ∈ ℕ 0
32 28 31 expcld ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x D ∈ ℂ
33 2 coef3 ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → C : ℕ 0 ⟶ ℂ
34 33 ad2antrr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → C : ℕ 0 ⟶ ℂ
35 elfznn0 ⊢ k ∈ 0 … D → k ∈ ℕ 0
36 35 adantl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → k ∈ ℕ 0
37 34 36 ffvelcdmd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → C ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
38 28 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → x ∈ ℂ
39 38 36 expcld ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → x k ∈ ℂ
40 37 39 mulcld ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → C ⁡ k ⁢ x k ∈ ℂ
41 rpne0 ⊢ x ∈ ℝ + → x ≠ 0
42 41 adantl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x ≠ 0
43 30 nn0zd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → D ∈ ℤ
44 43 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → D ∈ ℤ
45 28 42 44 expne0d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x D ≠ 0
46 26 32 40 45 fsumdivc ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ k = 0 D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = ∑ k = 0 D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D
47 fzosn ⊢ D ∈ ℤ → D ..^ D + 1 = D
48 47 ineq2d ⊢ D ∈ ℤ → 0 ..^ D ∩ D ..^ D + 1 = 0 ..^ D ∩ D
49 fzodisj ⊢ 0 ..^ D ∩ D ..^ D + 1 = ∅
50 48 49 eqtr3di ⊢ D ∈ ℤ → 0 ..^ D ∩ D = ∅
51 44 50 syl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → 0 ..^ D ∩ D = ∅
52 fzval3 ⊢ D ∈ ℤ → 0 … D = 0 ..^ D + 1
53 43 52 syl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → 0 … D = 0 ..^ D + 1
54 nn0uz ⊢ ℕ 0 = ℤ ≥ 0
55 30 54 eleqtrdi ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → D ∈ ℤ ≥ 0
56 fzosplitsn ⊢ D ∈ ℤ ≥ 0 → 0 ..^ D + 1 = 0 ..^ D ∪ D
57 55 56 syl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → 0 ..^ D + 1 = 0 ..^ D ∪ D
58 53 57 eqtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → 0 … D = 0 ..^ D ∪ D
59 58 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → 0 … D = 0 ..^ D ∪ D
60 32 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → x D ∈ ℂ
61 42 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → x ≠ 0
62 44 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → D ∈ ℤ
63 38 61 62 expne0d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → x D ≠ 0
64 40 60 63 divcld ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 … D → C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ∈ ℂ
65 51 59 26 64 fsumsplit ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ k = 0 D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D + ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D
66 46 65 eqtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ k = 0 D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D + ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D
67 66 mpteq2dva ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k = 0 D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D + ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D
68 25 67 eqtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → F ÷ f G = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D + ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D
69 sumex ⊢ ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ∈ V
70 69 a1i ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ∈ V
71 sumex ⊢ ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ∈ V
72 71 a1i ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ∈ V
73 14 a1i ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → ℝ + ⊆ ℝ
74 fzofi ⊢ 0 ..^ D ∈ Fin
75 74 a1i ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → 0 ..^ D ∈ Fin
76 ovexd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ∈ V
77 33 ad2antrr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → C : ℕ 0 ⟶ ℂ
78 elfzonn0 ⊢ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → k ∈ ℕ 0
79 78 ad2antlr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → k ∈ ℕ 0
80 77 79 ffvelcdmd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → C ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
81 28 adantlr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x ∈ ℂ
82 81 79 expcld ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x k ∈ ℂ
83 32 adantlr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x D ∈ ℂ
84 41 adantl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x ≠ 0
85 44 adantlr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → D ∈ ℤ
86 81 84 85 expne0d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x D ≠ 0
87 80 82 83 86 divassd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D
88 87 mpteq2dva ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D
89 fvexd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → C ⁡ k ∈ V
90 ovexd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x k x D ∈ V
91 33 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → C : ℕ 0 ⟶ ℂ
92 78 adantl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → k ∈ ℕ 0
93 91 92 ffvelcdmd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → C ⁡ k ∈ ℂ
94 rlimconst ⊢ ℝ + ⊆ ℝ ∧ C ⁡ k ∈ ℂ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ k ⇝ℝ C ⁡ k
95 14 93 94 sylancr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ k ⇝ℝ C ⁡ k
96 79 nn0zd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → k ∈ ℤ
97 85 96 zsubcld ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → D − k ∈ ℤ
98 81 84 97 cxpexpzd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x D − k = x D − k
99 98 oveq2d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → 1 x D − k = 1 x D − k
100 81 84 97 expnegd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x − D − k = 1 x D − k
101 85 zcnd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → D ∈ ℂ
102 79 nn0cnd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → k ∈ ℂ
103 101 102 negsubdi2d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → − D − k = k − D
104 103 oveq2d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x − D − k = x k − D
105 99 100 104 3eqtr2d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → 1 x D − k = x k − D
106 81 84 85 96 expsubd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → x k − D = x k x D
107 105 106 eqtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → 1 x D − k = x k x D
108 107 mpteq2dva ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ 1 x D − k = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ x k x D
109 92 nn0red ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → k ∈ ℝ
110 30 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → D ∈ ℕ 0
111 110 nn0red ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → D ∈ ℝ
112 elfzolt2 ⊢ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → k < D
113 112 adantl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → k < D
114 difrp ⊢ k ∈ ℝ ∧ D ∈ ℝ → k < D ↔ D − k ∈ ℝ +
115 114 biimpa ⊢ k ∈ ℝ ∧ D ∈ ℝ ∧ k < D → D − k ∈ ℝ +
116 109 111 113 115 syl21anc ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → D − k ∈ ℝ +
117 cxplim ⊢ D − k ∈ ℝ + → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ 1 x D − k ⇝ℝ 0
118 116 117 syl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ 1 x D − k ⇝ℝ 0
119 108 118 eqbrtrrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ x k x D ⇝ℝ 0
120 89 90 95 119 rlimmul ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ⇝ℝ C ⁡ k ⋅ 0
121 93 mul01d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → C ⁡ k ⋅ 0 = 0
122 120 121 breqtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ⇝ℝ 0
123 88 122 eqbrtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ k ∈ 0 ..^ D → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ⇝ℝ 0
124 73 75 76 123 fsumrlim ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ⇝ℝ ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D 0
125 75 olcd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → 0 ..^ D ⊆ ℤ ≥ 0 ∨ 0 ..^ D ∈ Fin
126 sumz ⊢ 0 ..^ D ⊆ ℤ ≥ 0 ∨ 0 ..^ D ∈ Fin → ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D 0 = 0
127 125 126 syl ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D 0 = 0
128 124 127 breqtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ⇝ℝ 0
129 33 30 ffvelcdmd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → C ⁡ D ∈ ℂ
130 129 adantr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → C ⁡ D ∈ ℂ
131 130 32 mulcld ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → C ⁡ D ⁢ x D ∈ ℂ
132 131 32 45 divcld ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → C ⁡ D ⁢ x D x D ∈ ℂ
133 fveq2 ⊢ k = D → C ⁡ k = C ⁡ D
134 oveq2 ⊢ k = D → x k = x D
135 133 134 oveq12d ⊢ k = D → C ⁡ k ⁢ x k = C ⁡ D ⁢ x D
136 135 oveq1d ⊢ k = D → C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = C ⁡ D ⁢ x D x D
137 136 sumsn ⊢ D ∈ ℕ 0 ∧ C ⁡ D ⁢ x D x D ∈ ℂ → ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = C ⁡ D ⁢ x D x D
138 31 132 137 syl2anc ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = C ⁡ D ⁢ x D x D
139 130 32 45 divcan4d ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → C ⁡ D ⁢ x D x D = C ⁡ D
140 138 139 eqtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ ∧ x ∈ ℝ + → ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = C ⁡ D
141 140 mpteq2dva ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D = x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ D
142 rlimconst ⊢ ℝ + ⊆ ℝ ∧ C ⁡ D ∈ ℂ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ D ⇝ℝ C ⁡ D
143 14 129 142 sylancr ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ C ⁡ D ⇝ℝ C ⁡ D
144 141 143 eqbrtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ⇝ℝ C ⁡ D
145 70 72 128 144 rlimadd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D + ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ⇝ℝ 0 + C ⁡ D
146 129 addlidd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → 0 + C ⁡ D = C ⁡ D
147 146 3 eqtr4di ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → 0 + C ⁡ D = B
148 145 147 breqtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → x ∈ ℝ + ⟼ ∑ k ∈ 0 ..^ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D + ∑ k ∈ D C ⁡ k ⁢ x k x D ⇝ℝ B
149 68 148 eqbrtrd ⊢ F ∈ Poly ⁡ ℝ → F ÷ f G ⇝ℝ B